Labour market impacts of occupational licensing and delicensing: New evidence from China

We examined the recent occupational regulation changes in China and their labour market impacts. Using data from the China Labor-Force Dynamic Survey from 2014 to 2018, we found an earning premium of approximately 10 per cent, as well as more employment-based benefits, for those with an occupational license compared to those without one. Licensed workers reported higher skill-job task match than unlicensed workers. Our data cover the period of occupational regulation reform in China, when 70 per cent of occupations previously licensed or certified were deregulated. Over this period, the licensing status remained associated with positive earning and employment benefits premiums, and better skill-job task match at the labour market level. However, delicensing led to a distributional shift in the earning dispersion, especially at the bottom of the earning distribution; earning premiums rose sharply for the 10th to 30th percentiles. Workers directly affected by the licensing reform reported a significant decrease in employment benefits and in subjective job quality measures (i.e. skill-job task match and voice at work) after delicensing, relative to never-licensed workers. We suggest that non-wage compensation is lost in the short term because the signal of competency is no longer valued by employers after delicensing.     

Fostering mutual gains: Explaining the influence of high‐performance work systems and leadership on psychological health and service performance

Despite the growing importance of sustainable management of human resources, human resource management and leadership research on mutuality in the employment relationship has proceeded in a parallel fashion. Drawing on self‐determination theory, this study proposes an integrative model of human growth by addressing two interrelated questions: (a) how and why experienced service‐oriented high‐performance work systems (HPWS) and unit service leadership relate to psychological health and service performance and (b) whether thriving at work and psychological health serially mediate the relationships between the two contextual antecedents and service performance. Our findings revealed that experienced service‐oriented HPWS and unit service leadership related to service performance but indirectly through thriving at work. However, experienced service‐oriented HPWS but not unit service leadership related to psychological health through thriving at work. Furthermore, thriving at work and psychological health serially mediated the relationship between experienced service‐oriented HPWS (but not unit service leadership) and service performance.     

蔬菜农药残留检测中质量控制的要点研究

近年来食品安全问题尤其是蔬菜中的农药残留问题,得到了社会的普遍关注.为了确保人们购买到安全放心的蔬菜,就要对蔬菜中的农药残留量进行科学合理的检测,但是在实际的检测过程中,其检测结果会受到多种因素的影响.本文对蔬菜农药残留检测的误差来源进行分析,并在此基础上,提出了具有一定针对性的检测质量控制要点,有助于获取良好的检测精...     

积沙沥青路面抗滑性能实验研究

为研究积沙对路面抗滑性能的影响,通过室内试验成型了AC-13和AC-16两种集配类型的沥青混合料试件,借助摆式摩擦系数测试仪测试不同温度和积沙量下的摆值(BPN),建立抗滑性能随积沙量增加的衰减模型,并基于两因素与抗滑性能进行灰色关联度分析.试验结果表明,两种沥青混合料的抗滑性能都随着积沙量的增加逐渐减小,最终趋于稳定;积沙量是影响抗滑性能的主要因素.     

中国通胀目标的估计与影响分析

本文利用变系数不可观测要素模型,以拓展后的卡尔曼滤波估计政府的通胀目标并评估其对于实际通胀的影响.研究发现,本文估计的通胀目标自2012年以来显著高于实际通胀,其有效拉抬通胀预期,成功抵消经济增速放缓对总体通货膨胀的抑制.通胀目标与实际经济行为对通货膨胀的影响在危机后均显著提升,中国不存在菲利普斯曲线扁平化现象,政府通胀目标对于实际通胀起到良好的锚定作用.     

模块化数据中心在智慧高速中的经济性研究

以传统高速公路数据中心现状分析为基础,对模块化机房的建设周期、初始投资、运营管理、节能性等方面进行经济性研究,具体阐述了模块化数据中心的绿色节能、环保经济的优势,对智慧高速中模块化数据中心的建设应用具有一定的参考价值.     

土地革命时期中国共产党的财政思想研究*

在中国共产党诞生百年之际,在中国社会经济转型升级的今天,在财政已经上升为国家治理基础和重要支柱的背景下,研究和总结中国共产党在土地革命战争时期的财政思想具有重要的现实指导意义。思想根源于现实也反映现实,土地革命时期特定的社会政治经济背景孕育了中国共产党早期的财政思想,具体包括财政收入、财政支出和财政管理三大方面。这三个方面的思想密切关联,初步形成了中国共产党新民主主义革命早期传统财政学的雏形,构成了新中国社会主义财政学的重要基础,对于我国当今财政工作和现代财政制度建设具有重要的现实指导意义。     

Speculative pressure

The paper investigates the information content of speculative pressure across futures classes. Long-short portfolios of futures contracts sorted by speculative pressure capture a significant premium in commodity, currency, and equity markets but not in fixed income markets. Exposure to commodity, currency, and equity index futures’ speculative pressure is priced in the broad cross-section after controlling for momentum, carry, global liquidity, and volatility risks. The findings are confirmed by robustness tests using alternative speculative pressure signals, portfolio construction techniques, and subperiods interalia. We argue that there is an efficient hedgers-speculators risk transfer in commodity, currency, and equity index futures markets.     

家庭消费碳排放影响因素及其变化趋势分析——以陕西省为例

以陕西省2003—2017年数据为样本,建立LMDI模型分析各因素对陕西省家庭消费碳排放的影响及其变化趋势。结果表明,家庭消费效应、住房面积效应和家庭规模效应是造成家庭碳排放上升的正向推动因素,而碳排放强度效应、消费抑制效应和居住密度效应对家庭碳排放具有负向影响;2003—2017年,碳排放强度效应呈“U”型变化趋势,家庭消费效应、家庭规模效应和住房面积效应呈上升趋势,消费抑制效应和居住密度效应呈下降趋势。政府制定碳减排政策时可从碳排放贡献率较大的家庭消费、住房面积和家庭规模等方面着手,有针对性地缓解日益增长的家庭消费碳排放。     

完善我国财政转移支付制度的思考

我国财政转移支付制度的建立,促进了中西部地区社会经济事业的发展,但是由于政府职能转变不彻底、各级政府间事权划分不科学、转移支付制度不够规范等问题的存在,财政转移支付制度在平衡各地区间财力差距,促使地区间公共服务水平均等化等方面的作用没有得到充分发挥。为了促使各地区均衡发展、缩小差距,必须彻底转变政府职能、合理界定各级政府的事权,规范和完善转移支付制度。