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161.
Francisco Li?��n Juan Carlos Rodr��guez-Cohard Jos�� M. Rueda-Cantuche 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2011,7(2):195-218
A considerable agreement exists about the importance of promoting entrepreneurship to stimulate economic development and employment
generation. In particular, entrepreneurship education has been considered one of the key instruments to increase the entrepreneurial
attitudes of both potential and nascent entrepreneurs. Nevertheless, the factors that determine the individual’s decision
to start a venture are still not completely clear. Cognitive approaches have attracted considerable interest recently. But
the explaining capacity of personality traits or demographic characteristics is still considered. Therefore, there is a need
to clarify which elements play the most influential role in shaping the personal decision to start a firm. This paper tries
to contribute to filling this gap by providing empirically-based suggestions for the design of improved entrepreneurship education
initiatives. The empirical analysis is based on two essential elements: firstly, an already validated instrument (EIQ); secondly,
a statistical method (factor-regression procedure) which is not dependent on any theoretical approach. It uses all the information
collected through the questionnaire items, selecting them solely based on their capacity to explain the dependent variable.
Results will allow the design of more effective education initiatives. They suggest that personal attitude and perceived behavioural
control are the most relevant factors explaining entrepreneurial intentions. Thus, based on these results, a number of considerations
about the most effective role of education in promoting and developing attitudes and intentions towards entrepreneurship are
considered. Besides, the EIQ could be used as an evaluation instrument for entrepreneurial education programmes. 相似文献
162.
This paper evaluates the knowledge–capital model (KCM) of foreign direct investment (FDI) as defined by Braconier et al. (Rev
Int Econ 13(4):770-786, 2005). The model predicts that there are both horizontal and vertical motivations for engaging in FDI. The horizontal motives
regard access to new markets in the case of trade frictions, whereas the vertical motivations imply that multinational enterprises
seek to take advantage of relative skill differences in different countries. The impact of the vertical component in the KCM
has been largely debated and thereby is of the greatest interest. Another issue addressed in the study is the relevance of
spatial interdependencies in FDI flow. To check for these kinds of FDI determinants the KCM model is augmented with a surrounding
market potential and a spatial lag term. By using large data sets for FDI stocks among OECD countries from 1982 to 2003 along
with structural breaks and spatial econometric techniques, the paper evaluates the significance of traditional and spatial
FDI determinants. The results show that the vertical component is indeed important, even for FDI among OECD countries, but
that this importance is clearly decreasing over time. The findings point towards the existence of spatial linkages that are
also compatible with export-platform motivations. 相似文献
163.
Peer Group Formation in an Adverse Selection Model 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Beatriz Armendariz de Aghion & Christian Gollier 《Economic journal (London, England)》2000,110(465):632-643
This paper develops an adverse selection model where peer group systems are shown to trigger lower interest rates and remove credit rationing in the case where borrowers are uninformed about their potential partners and ex post state verification (or auditing) by banks is costly. Peer group formation reduces interest rates due to a 'collateral effect', namely, cross subsidisation amongst borrowers acts as collateral behind a loan. By uncovering such a collateral effect, this paper shows that peer group systems can be viewed as an effective risk pooling mechanism, and thus enhance efficiency, not just in the full information set up. 相似文献
164.
Brown and Reid [1997] employed an introspective approach to their examination of consumers' shopping experiences. The authors
focused on the negative aspects or feelings associated with shopping. The principal aim of this current paper is to replicate
the Brown and Reid research at an international level to discover whether their findings were relevant regarding shoppers'
behavior across different national markets. With this in mind, some international master's of business administration students
were asked to write their own introspective essays on shopping. The essay was to reflect the student's opinions, experiences,
likes, and dislikes on shopping. 相似文献
165.
A review of the literature on environmental innovation management in SMEs: implications for public policies 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The aim of this article is to collect and make up the most important contributions in the economic literature in relation to the special characteristics of the management of the environmental innovation in the SMEs. Specifically, we want to show their strengths and weaknesses in order to make up the main conclusions of these analyses with the literature in relation to the way Public Administrations face this situation. The scarce development in the SMEs in respect to their environmental strategy may be a consequence of the links among some of the following factors: limited financial resources, the type of organizational structure, a little influence of the strategic adaptation competence against the changes in the SMEs, the managers’ scarce environmental training and short term orientation, the staff’s scarce environmental awareness and training, the status of the environmental issues in the company, the SMEs’ lower ability to obtain highly radical innovations, the scarce influence of manufacturing process flexibility in the most advanced states of the environmental strategy in the SMEs and their lack of relation ability with external stakeholders—very important in the success of the most advanced environmental approaches. Besides, the lack of regulation neutrality must be added as a key difference among companies of different sizes. So specific actions seem be necessary, such as technological advice and awareness, and training programs in order to cooperate with external stakeholders. 相似文献
166.
Óscar Rodríguez Ruiz Miguel Martínez Lucio 《International Journal of Human Resource Management》2013,24(1):125-143
The study of HRM in Spain is flourishing. We have seen the major international journals begin to reflect the work of Spanish academics in this area. The standard is high and the international network of Spanish scholars is increasingly developed. This paper attempts to review the work that is published in English and to see how Spanish HRM systems are represented externally. It tries to locate the discussion of the HRM research in Spain within its academic and social context. The authors argue that there are some characteristics marking this debate and development, which suggest that the study of HRM in Spain is hugely Americanized in terms of methods and content. The lack of synergies with sociology and political economy are evident. Moreover, the shortage of rigorous qualitative research, apart from that on employment relations and the sociology of work, raise some serious issues. The manner in which a discourse of HRM in Spain has evolved leaves many questions and issues unaddressed. While evaluating what we believe to be a relevant selection from HRM publications on Spain in English by Spanish authors in the last 15 years we do not attempt to present them all here. Instead, we try to isolate some representative articles. In sum, the paper aims to fill a gap in the Spanish HRM literature by studying the main debates, the research issues that are given priority and the methodological options. As a conclusion, we can say that it is necessary to encourage academic discussions regarding the features of the management of HR in Spain. In this sense it should be noted that the mainstream HRM approaches formulated in American Business Schools do not necessarily fit within the Spanish context. 相似文献
167.
Nadine Hennigs Klaus‐Peter Wiedmann Christiane Klarmann Suzane Strehlau Bruno Godey Daniele Pederzoli Agnes Neulinger Kartik Dave Gaetano Aiello Raffaele Donvito Koyama Taro Janka Táborecká‐Petrovičová Carmen Rodríguez Santos Jaehee Jung Hyunjoo Oh 《心理学和销售学》2012,29(12):1018-1034
International luxury businesses are challenged by the identification and satisfaction of the common needs and desires of global market segments. Although luxury goods have become available to a wider range of consumers, the traditional conspicuous consumption model has been transformed into a new experiential luxury sensibility that is marked by a change in the way that consumers define luxury. Based on an empirical study in collaboration with American, European, and Asian researchers, the results provide evidence that consumers in various parts of the world purchase or wish to purchase luxury products for varied reasons but that such consumers generally possess similar values. Regardless of their countries of origin, the basic motivational drivers of luxury consumers are similar among the financial, functional, personal, and social dimensions of luxury value perceptions, although the relative importance of these dimensions varies. 相似文献
168.
Ana Beatriz Lopes de Sousa Jabbour Diego Vazquez‐Brust Charbel Jos Chiappetta Jabbour Daniela Andriani Ribeiro 《Business Strategy and the Environment》2020,29(3):1362-1386
This article investigates how organizations deal with drivers and barriers to the adoption of low‐carbon operational (LCO) practices and, accordingly, we propose a framework for relationships with stakeholders to guide organizations in orchestrating stakeholders, resources and capabilities to meet the challenges and opportunities arising from climate change. Data was collected through interviews with experts working within companies participating in the Carbon Disclosure Program and the Brazilian GHG Protocol Program. Our findings show that the level of willingness of stakeholders influences how companies select mechanisms to deal with drivers and barriers to LCO practices. Our results, qualified by stakeholder relationships theory and the natural resource‐based view, introduce an analytical approach called ‘mechanisms of responses’ to understand how organizations deal with drivers and barriers in the context of climate change in order to guide companies to adopt LCO practices, strengthen co‐operation with stakeholders and develop the required organizational capabilities. 相似文献
169.
Camisón-Zornoza César Forés-Julián Beatriz Puig-Denia Alba Camisón-Haba Sergio 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2020,16(4):1393-1426
International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal - By combining the resource-and capabilities-based view and agency theory, this paper offers a framework within which to examine the nature of... 相似文献
170.
This study performs a comprehensive examination of organizational context in the relationship between managerial turnover and organizational performance. Using theoretical frameworks of human and social capital, we focus on the moderating roles of entity size, employment system, industry brand, and location. To test our hypotheses, we worked with the company records of a multinational fashion retail group with more than 4,000 stores grouped into eight different brands and 100,000 employees in more than 31 countries. To estimate the causal contextual effects of the relationship between voluntary managerial turnover and organizational performance, we designed a quasi-experiment using propensity score matching analysis. Our results show that the dysfunctional side of managerial turnover is significant for stores that are large, for stores managed under a primary employment system, for brands operating with higher levels of service orientation, and for countries with more restrictive employment protection legislation. We discuss the implications of these findings for practice and for future research. 相似文献