PUBLIC ENTERPRISES IN TURKEY*

ABSTRACT: Public enterprises have played a distinct role in promoting economic development and have been instrumental in initiating the industrialization of Turkey, and in facilitating its balanced regional development, especially during the early stages of its economic development. However, since the late 1960s, public enterprises have been a drag on the economic performance of the country because of the economic problems they have caused. In response to the problems associated with public enterprises, privatization entered the political arena in the early 1980s. The Turkish government has now adopted a timetable to privatize the public enterprises. In this paper, an attempt is made to investigate the place and the weight of the public enterprises and their problems in the Turkish economy.     

贫困型旅游地文化变迁的动因及规范研究

贫困型旅游地社会文化环境在旅游活动介入之后,必然会发生一定程度的变迁和异化。制约贫困型旅游地社会文化环境变迁的动因主要在于外界旅游流对旅游地的静态平衡系统产生冲击和干扰,分析旅游地社会文化环境变迁,必须从构成“流”的要素入手。对贫困型旅游地社会文化环境变迁的规范,必须从引发系统变迁的各种“流”的因素来分析实施,主要加强政府、社会公益组织、居民等方面的规范作用,以“流”制“流”。     

企业权力性质的历史唯物主义解读

现代主流企业理论认为企业是"契约"性质的,并建构交易费用范畴来分析企业内部的契约关系,但这种关系不同于马克思主义分析框架中的经济关系和生产关系,而被认为是一种法权关系和交易关系.事实上,企业契约背后隐含着经济关系和生产关系,表现为复杂的权力支配关系或层级关系,而不是平等的交易关系.因此,企业是"权力"性质的.深化认识企业的"权力"性质,可以从企业权力分析的历史向度问题以及企业权力的内生性质等方面来拓展.这是一种基于历史唯物主义来分析企业权力现象及其权力关系演变的视角或方法.     

Buying power and strategic interactions

Abstract.  This paper shows that buying power at the retail level can lead to a rise in wholesale price. As a result, retailers without buying power may increase their retail price. Nevertheless, total surplus is non‐decreasing in the degree of buying power possessed by the 'dominant' retailer. JEL classification: L13     

大学生学习性投入对学习收获满意度的影响分析

自从我国实施大学扩招政策以来,大学教育质量问题便备受关注,特别是要关注来自学生的声音,本文从首先对学习收获进行描述统计分析,重点分析了个人背景信息（包括性别、就读高校、学习目标等）、个人努力（包括课堂行为和时间投入）、社会支持（包括院校资源和人际互动）等方面对学习收获的影响,构建了大学生对个人学习收获满意度的Logit模型,结论为：期末考核成绩、和同学的关系及时间投入对大学生在校期间表现的满意度有显著影响,而性别、对学校学术质量的评价对大学生在校期间表现的满意度无显著影响,女生的学习收获要大于男生,个人努力程度越高与社会支持越好的,学习收获就越满意。     

Anatomy of competitive advantage: towards a contingency theory of entrepreneurial marketing

Entrepreneurial marketing (EM), born out of the practice of firms operating in conditions of uncertainty, is emerging as a powerful alternative to cope with the decreasing effectiveness associated with traditional marketing. In this article, the authors provide their collective position regarding the field of EM. A brief history and conceptual background of EM is presented and the contextual differences that have shaped its evolution are considered. Distinctions between traditional and EM are derived based on discussions of the concepts of size, speed, market, opportunity, risk, and uncertainty. The perspective of value co-creation in uncertainty is used to develop a contingency framework to serve as the foundation towards a general theory of EM. Operand and operant resources and environmental conditions are proposed to moderate the EM process from opportunity recognition to entrepreneurial organization, EM, and temporary competitive advantage. The theoretical facets are illustrated with seven propositions and directions for future research.     

欧盟碳交易注册登记簿系统及特点*

注册登记簿是碳排放权交易体系的核心。本文对德国以及国际碳交易注册登记簿的基本情况、主要特点以及管理体系进行综述，以帮助我国更好地建立高效便捷的注册登记簿系统。     

Merging with a buyer group member

We examine a merger between a national retailer and a local retailer who is a member of a buyer group. While the traditional literature on mergers assumes an oligopolistic industry (where the merger takes place) supplied by a perfectly competitive one, we assume here that retailers obtain their input from a supplier that can offer quantity discounts. In this setting, a merger can be profitable for insiders (solving the merger paradox) and can also be more profitable for insiders than for outsiders (solving the free‐riding problem). This result holds even if the merged firm ends‐up with a small share of the market. However, welfare decreases post‐merger. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

浅析进出口贸易中实施SA8000标准的障碍性因素

SA8000标准关注的是人们的更直接、更具体的发展权,通过对人身权益以及与健康、安全、机会平等要素的关注,来调节人类在社会经济活动中的人自身的平等发展关系,体现了国际贸易中的人文关怀.另外,SA8000又使发达国家降低了发展中国家在竞争中的最大比较优势--劳工成本,其本质是发达国家用社会标准替换技术标准,修筑起非关税的贸易壁垒.本文通过分析湖南外贸的发展情况,说明实施SA8000标准的障碍性因素,以此来加强外贸的发展.     

国际财务报表列报：最新进展与重要启示

FASB（美国财务会计准则理事会）于2008年10月16日发布了《财务报表列报的初步意见（讨论稿）》。“财务报表列报”联合项目主要由项目介绍和范围说明、财务报表列报的目标和原则、目标的含义与每张财务报表的原则和会计报表附注四部分构成。对于像我国这样的与国际财务报告准则持续趋同的新兴转型国家来讲，一方面应该积极参与讨论稿的征求意见，使其在今后颁布的财务报表列报准则时充分考虑发展中国家尤其是新兴转型国家的特殊性；另一方面，应积极推进XBRL模式建设，提升财会人员综合素质，为即将实施的新的财务报表列报准则提供支撑。