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81.
This article introduces a data-driven Box–Pierce test for serial correlation. The proposed test is very attractive compared to the existing ones. In particular, implementation of this test is extremely simple for two reasons: first, the researcher does not need to specify the order of the autocorrelation tested, since the test automatically chooses this number; second, its asymptotic null distribution is chi-square with one degree of freedom, so there is no need of using a bootstrap procedure to estimate the critical values. In addition, the test is robust to the presence of conditional heteroskedasticity of unknown form. Finally, the proposed test presents higher power in simulations than the existing ones for models commonly employed in empirical finance. 相似文献
82.
Hansen and Christensen discuss a wide range of current issues regarding the role of emotions in consumer behavior as well as measures of advertising effectiveness. The central theme of the book is the elaboration and application of a new tool to measure the emotional constructions that consumers develop for branded fast moving consumer goods. The authors call this measure NERS, which stands for Net Emotional Response Strength. The book appeals to both intermediate and advanced academic readers due to the comprehensiveness of its literature review and the depth of its theoretical developments. The present essay critically comments the contents of the book and then, based on the context provided by the book, discusses in further detail some salient aspects of the role of emotions in consumer choice that deserve special attention. In particular, it is pointed out how some findings from behavioral decision research could improve the conceptualizations offered by Hansen and Christensen. 相似文献
83.
This paper develops new methods for determining the cointegration rank in a nonstationary fractionally integrated system, extending univariate optimal methods for testing the degree of integration. We propose a simple Wald test based on the singular value decomposition of the unrestricted estimate of the long run multiplier matrix. When the “strength” of the cointegrating relationship is less than 1/2, the test statistic has a standard asymptotic distribution, like Lagrange Multiplier tests exploiting local properties. We consider the behavior of our test under estimation of short run parameters and local alternatives. We compare our procedure with other cointegration tests based on different principles and find that the new method has better properties in a range of situations by using information on the alternative obtained through a preliminary estimate of the cointegration strength. 相似文献
84.
Carlos A. Cinquetti 《Review of International Economics》2008,16(5):904-918
This paper examines an industry‐level model developed to analyze the impact of affiliates of multinational firms (MNFs) on the host country's revealed comparative advantages (RCAs), which predicts that the referred impact is given by both technology service and industry orientation. Based on Brazilian manufacturing industries during the import‐substitution industrialization, panel data estimates show that MNFs negatively affected RCA, which is explained by location advantages in industries presenting comparative disadvantages, as reinforced by a location model. Two other important results are: (i) import protection had a stronger anti‐export effect on multinationals than on national firms; (ii) MNFs were concentrated in industries with lower world‐export growth. 相似文献
85.
This paper addresses the question of what it takes to obtain a well-defined extensive form game. Without relying on simplifying finiteness or discreteness assumptions, we characterize the class of game trees for which all pure strategy combinations induce unique outcomes. The generality of the set-up covers “exotic” cases, like stochastic games or decision problems in continuous time (differential games). We find that the latter class, though a well-defined problem, fails this test. 相似文献
86.
Angeles Fernandez-Izquierdo Juan Carlos Matallin-Saez 《Journal of Business Ethics》2008,81(2):247-260
There is currently much debate in the economic literature about whether ethical investment involves a financial sacrifice
or premium. One of the most common methods of testing this compares the financial performance of ethical investment funds
with that of other funds not considered “socially responsible” or ethical. The majority of these research studies evaluate
the performance of the ethical funds according to classic measures, whereby different financial markets, in different countries
and for different periods of time serve as reference for evaluation. The ultimate conclusion of all of these studies is that
there are no significant differences between the performance results of one type of funds and the other. In Spain, ethical
investment funds are still an incipient sector of investment. To date, the Spanish market has not been included in any type
of analysis of these characteristics. Therefore the main objective of this article is to compare the financial performance
of ethical investment funds to that of other funds in the Spanish retail market. We propose the aggregate type of analysis
as the Spanish ethical investment funds have experienced a weaker development in comparison to those of other developed countries.
In the first step we suggest the financial performance to be compared by style analysis since the asset distribution of the
Spanish Social Return Investment (SRI) funds differs from the European trend. In particular, we use the multifactor regression
model with style benchmarks. We found that their financial performance is in all cases superior or similar to that achieved
by the rest of the funds. In the second step, to achieve a more robust and homogeneous comparison, we used the bootstrap method,
comparing ethical and non-ethical fund subsamples by homogeneous groups. No significant differences between these two types
of funds have been found. Thus, if we assume the positive o neutral effect of ethical investment on investor utility in the
retail Spanish market the financial and social performance (FSP) of ethical funds will be, in aggregate, superior to the FSP
achieved by conventional funds. In conclusion, the financial performance of ethical mutual funds in Spain is no sacrifice. 相似文献
87.
Carlos N. Bouza 《Metrika》2009,70(3):267-277
This paper is devoted to the analysis of the estimation of the mean of a sensitive variable. The use of a randomized response
(RR) procedure gives confidence to the interviewed that his privacy is protected. We consider that a simple random sampling
with replacement design is used for selecting a sample. The behavior of the RR procedure, when ranked set sampling is the
design used, is developed under three different ranking criteria. The usual gain in accuracy associated with the use of ranked
set sampling is exhibited only by one of the designs. The behavior of the models is illustrated using data provided by a study
of samples of persons infected with AIDS. 相似文献
88.
Mozambique Metical Exchange Rate Dynamics: Evidence of Fractional Co‐Integration in the USA and South African Rates 下载免费PDF全文
Carlos P. Barros Luis Alberiko Gil‐Alana João Faria 《The South African journal of economics. Suid-afrikaanse tydskrif vir ekonomie》2015,83(4):569-575
This paper studies the exchange rate dynamics of the Mozambique metical with respect to the US dollar and the South African rand. However, instead of using standard I(0)/I(1) techniques, we use long memory and fractionally integrated and co‐integrated models. Our results indicate that the two exchange rates are highly persistent, with orders of integration equal to or above 1. They also seem to be co‐integrated, with an order of integration close to albeit above 0 but with an AR coefficient very close to 1. Thus, although the two series seem to be fractionally co‐integrated, shocks in the long‐run relationship between the two variables are persistent and take a long time to disappear. 相似文献
89.
The appropriation of water for economic activities is limited by regional surface and underground endowments, and symptoms of environmentally unsustainable withdrawals are already visible in many regions of the world. In this paper we investigate the economic implications of water policy imposing source- and region-specific restrictions on water withdrawals taking the Mexican economy as a case study. We use an inter-regional input–output model of Mexico's hydro-economic regions to allocate production subject to the availability of water and other factors of production. Water sustainability requires a reduction of 7.5?km3/yr of groundwater withdrawals, which is compensated by an increase of 3.4?km3/yr of surface water, an expansion onto an additional 1.4 million hectares of rainfed land, and modifications in subnational patterns of food trade. This framework for evaluating scenarios describing sustainability-oriented water policies is readily applicable to other regions. 相似文献
90.
Quan Dong Juan Carlos Bárcena‐Ruiz María Begoña Garzón 《Australian economic papers》2015,54(4):250-265
We analyse why the Chinese government sets restrictions on foreign direct investment (FDI). We focus our analysis on the percentage of shares in relocated firms that the government allows to be foreign‐owned. The government's decision on this percentage depends on the entry cost, the number of firms that relocate and the weight of the consumer surplus in the objective function of the government. We show that by its choice of this percentage, the Chinese government may restrict or encourage FDI to its country. We also find that if the government may subsidise the fixed entry cost, it provides a subsidy only when the producer surplus has a greater weight than the consumer surplus in weighted welfare. In that case, the subsidy encourages relocation by both firms and permits the government to allow a lower percentage of shares to be foreign‐owned in relocated firms. 相似文献