论利益协调机制的重构

中国当前的社会利益严重分化,利益纠纷和利益冲突加剧,利益问题已经到了激化矛盾并引发社会危机的地步。掩盖与压制是解决不了问题的。必须尽快建立公开、公正、公平、合理、能够激励社会各阶层成员获取正当利益的机制和利益协调机制,协调不同利益主体之间的利益关系,保护大多数公民的利益。     

企业高中级管理者压力状况调查及对策建议

企业高中级管理者是现代企业竞争优势的重要源泉,其压力状况直接关系到企业的健康发展。该文通过对江苏省134名企业高中级管理者进行的压力状况调查,得出如下结论:江苏省企业高中级管理者属高应激群体,压力感因角色提高和区域竞争激烈而加大;个人认知与社会传统会加大其压力感;国企高中级管理者的压力状况更值得关注。因此,必须采取多种措施将企业高中级管理者的压力水平控制在合理的范围内。     

Tofacitinib in the treatment of moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis: a cost-effectiveness analysis compared with adalimumab in Taiwan

Aims: Tofacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This analysis investigated the cost-effectiveness of the second-line treatment with tofacitinib, compared with adalimumab, both plus methotrexate (MTX), in patients with moderate-to-severe RA and an inadequate response to the first-line MTX, from a Taiwan National Health Insurance Administration perspective.

Materials and methods: A patient-level simulation model was used to project lifetime costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Base-case analysis compared second-line treatment with tofacitinib 5?mg twice daily plus MTX vs adalimumab 40?mg every 2?weeks plus MTX. Patients switched or discontinued treatment due to a lack or loss of effectiveness or a serious adverse event. Efficacy was measured by change in Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) score. HAQ-DI scores were used to predict mortality and resource utilization, and were mapped onto utility values to estimate QALYs. Efficacy and safety data were derived from clinical trials and other secondary sources. Uncertainty in model parameters was explored using one-way deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses.

Results: Patients gained 0.09 more QALYs with second-line tofacitinib plus MTX compared with adalimumab plus MTX (5.13 vs 5.04, respectively) at an additional cost of New Taiwan Dollars (NT$) 12,881. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was NT$143,122/QALY. One-way sensitivity analysis confirmed the base-case result was robust.

Limitations: The lack of available clinical data, particularly for HAQ-DI scores, may introduce some bias in the analysis. No patients were in an early stage of RA, which may limit the generalizability of these results. Base-case results from our study are not necessarily generalizable to countries with healthcare systems that differ considerably from Taiwan.

Conclusions: From a payer perspective, second-line treatment with tofacitinib plus MTX is a cost-effective treatment strategy, compared with adalimumab plus MTX, in patients with moderate-to-severe RA in Taiwan.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00853385.     

经济结构变化与经济增长

卡尔多事实描述的是发达工业化经济在短期内的现象,如果我们考虑欠发达国家,或者考虑工业化早期,卡尔多事实所反映的规律就会消失。一般而言,人均产出增长率与人均产出水平两者之间表现出非线性的驼峰形(hump-shaped)关系。本文认为,这种关系是由于经济内部结构的变化(即农业、制造业和服务业的相对比重变化)以及城乡劳动力转移和城市化引起的。进一步,本文提出了两种相互竞争的模型,一种认为经济增长由工业部门驱动,另一种则认为城市化是经济增长的动力。两种模型都与经济结构变化和经济增长的主要特征吻合,至于哪一个模型能更好地反映经济现实,则还需要进一步验证。     

云南花卉产业发展中若干问题的探讨

A few problems exist in flower industry development in Yunnan province. The key problem is flower production with sell set in system unqualified, product quallty problem; wrong model in specification of quality in product, undeveloped and developed technology of quality standard system hasn‘t been used. To change present condition, combining local present condition, we can enhance the macroscopic management and put forward to peasant the policy suggestion to guide the development of Yunnan province flower industry.     

高校图书馆个性化信息服务系统结构模型的构建

文章在分析了高校图书馆个性化服务现状的基础上,针对高校图书馆个性化服务系统的现状和不足,提出了一个高校图书馆个性化信息服务的系统模型,并探讨了系统模型内部几个资源库的组织,总结了图书馆个性化信息服务的服务方式.     

基于企业价值最大化的多元化发展战略调整研究

多元化发展战略对于企业价值最大化目标的最终实现可能产生正面或负面的影响作用.当多元化发展战略可能会损害企业价值最大化目标的有效实现时,就需要对其进行有效的战略调整.本文在提出多元化发展战略调整目标是实现企业价值最大化的基础上,借鉴矛盾论思想,分析指出多元化发展战略调整机制是动态核心能力,并进一步构建了一种多元化发展战略调整的路径,即企业核心能力与业务活动的动态匹配模型.     

经济温和调整阶段要防止滑坡

我国经济增长在2001年的拐点(7.5%)之后,经历了3年上升期,现正处于一个温和调整阶段(大约在7%-9.5%区间内)。在经济温和调整阶段要使经济增长的下降是“软着陆”而不是“硬着陆”, 就必须积极发挥政府宏观调控的作用,而不能任由市场调节自由滑落。为此,政府宏观调控应找好“着力点”。     

我国第三方物流企业的合理市场定位

第三方物流企业的发展需要合理的市场定位。发展中国的第三方物流，第三方物流企业必须合理而有序的进行自身的市场定位，从而有效的规避市场风险。接受中国目前的物流市场环境约束，第三方物流企业应该参照地域优势的指标，形成业内的逆时针供应链，提高自身的服务能力。     

上海市区街道办事处功能作用调整、完善的对策与措施

本文经调查研究,从上海市区街道办事处功能作用存在的问题出发,重新定义其功能与基本职能,提出了上海街道办事处功能作用调整对策与措施。