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901.
902.
基于高校产学研合作框架,从产学研合作规模、合作水平及科技成果转化能力3个维度构建高校产学研合作绩效评价体系。以2011-2015年中部地区的湖北、安徽、河南和湖南,发达地区的上海、广东和江苏等省市相关数据为样本,采用省际间横向比较方法,比较中部地区与发达地区高校产学研合作绩效。结果显示,发达地区高校产学研合作绩效在3个维度上均好于中部地区, 湖北、江苏两省高校产学研合作绩效分别在中部地区和发达地区领先;科技成果转化能力弱是中部地区高校产学研合作绩效的制约因素。由此,针对当前主要问题提出系统性改进建议。 相似文献
903.
采用面板分位数回归方法,基于《2016中国大学评价报告》中前100所大学2011-2015年数据,对产学合作数量与学术创新绩效关系进行研究。结果显示:①产学合作数量与学术创新绩效之间存在明显的倒U型关系,表明存在最优的产学合作数量使高校获得最佳学术创新绩效;②不同分位点处存在异质效应,表明产学合作数量对学术创新绩效高低分位的影响具有差异,因此,不能搞“一刀切”的产学合作治理结构;③合作广度、知识能力对产学合作数量与学术创新绩效的关系产生了正向调节效应。 相似文献
904.
以中国内地31个省(市)数据为基础,以“大众创业,万众创新”(简称“双创”)的本质及特征为依据,构建了一套区域“双创”效率评价指标体系。运用三阶段DEA方法,在控制环境因素的基础上考察了各地区“双创”投入产出转化效率。研究显示,目前各区域“双创”效率发展不均衡,规模效率和纯技术效率除个别地区达到1以外,其它地区都存在不同程度的效率缺损。最后,根据规模效率和纯技术效率大小,对31个省市的“双创”效率进行四分图归纳,根据归纳结果提出了相应的解决措施,可为“双创”可持续发展提供参考依据。 相似文献
905.
By constructing a gender wage gap evolution model, this paper examines the source and evolutionary process of gender wage inequality from a theoretical perspective. The purpose of this study is thoroughly investigating the factors affecting the gender wage inequality from the perspective of gender discrimination and variations in non-gender endowments. Based on the Chinese Household Income Project Survey Data, this study indicates that: (1) since companies continue to re-evaluate the gender endowment value of gender, the gender wage inequality exhibits an endogenous sustainability and self-reinforcing effect. (2) The gender wage gap of urban residents is derived mainly from the top tier of wages, while the gender wage gap of the migrant people is mainly determined from the bottom rung of wages. (3) Female age has a ‘U-curve’ impact on gender wage inequality from the standpoint of non-gender endowment differences, and the female age has an ‘inverted U-curve’ impact on gender wage inequality as a result of discrimination. (4) Female appearance and actual work hours are insufficient to affect the changing trend of gender wage inequality; however, h-register location and marital status are still considered to be very important. 相似文献
906.
Jinghu Li Qingjing Liu Yi Chen Shuangqing Gao Jie Zhang Yicheng Yang 《Journal of medical economics》2017,20(1):91-97
Aim: To describe treatment pattern, complications, and direct medical costs associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in Chinese urban patients.Methods: The 2013 China Health Insurance Research Association (CHIRA) urban insurance claims database was used to identify patients with AS. The identified patients were stratified by AS treatments for the comparisons of well established AS-related complications and direct medical costs. Conventional regression analyses adjusted the collected patient baseline characteristics to confirm the impact of treatments on complications and direct medical costs.Results: Of the identified 1299 patients with AS, 18.0% received non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), 11.2% received immunosuppressant, 48.2% received NSAID plus immunosuppressant, 4.6% received biologic agents, and 17.9% received medications without indication for AS. Biologic group was associated with the lowest proportion of AS-related complications (8.3%) that was confirmed by multiple logistic regression analysis (odds ratio = 0.200, p?=?.017). The biologic group was also associated with highest direct medical costs (median: RMB?=?14,539) that were confirmed by the multiple generalized linear model (coefficient = 1.644, p?.001).Conclusions: Biologics were not commonly used for AS in Chinese patients likely due to their high cost. Future studies are needed to confirm the potential long-term clinical benefits associated biologic treatment for AS. 相似文献
907.
Benjamin Chastek Laura K. Becker Chieh-I Chen Puneet Mahajan Jeffrey R. Curtis 《Journal of medical economics》2017,20(5):464-473
Objectives: To examine treatment patterns, treatment effectiveness, and treatment costs for 1 year after patients with rheumatoid arthritis switched from a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) (adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, golimumab, or infliximab), either cycling to another TNFi (“TNFi cyclers”) or switching to a new mechanism of action (abatacept, tocilizumab, or tofacitinib) (“new MOA switchers”).Methods: This retrospective cohort study used administrative claims data for a national insurer. Treatment persistence (without switching again, restarting, or discontinuing), treatment effectiveness (defined below), and costs were assessed for the 12-month post-switch period. Patients were “effectively treated” if they satisfied all six criteria for a treatment effectiveness algorithm (high adherence, no dose increase, no new conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug, no subsequent switch in therapy, no new/increased oral glucocorticoids, and <2 glucocorticoid injections). Multivariable logistic models were used to adjust for baseline factors.Results: The database included 581 new MOA switchers and 935 TNFi cyclers. New MOA switchers were 39% more likely than TNFi cyclers to persist after the switch (odds ratio [OR]?=?1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]?=?1.12–1.74; p?=?.003) and 36% less likely to switch therapy again (OR?=?0.64; 95% CI?=?0.51–0.81; p?.001). New MOA switchers were 43% more likely than TNFi cyclers to be effectively treated (OR?=?1.43; 95% CI?=?1.11–1.85; p?=?.006). New MOA switchers had 16% lower drug costs than TNFi cyclers (cost ratio?=?0.84; 95% CI?=?0.79–0.88; p?.001) and 11% lower total costs of rheumatoid arthritis-related medical care (cost ratio?=?0.89; 95% CI?=?0.84–0.94; p?.001).Limitations: Claims payments may not reflect rebates or other cost offsets. Medical and pharmacy claims do not include clinical end-points or reasons that lead to new MOA switching vs TNFi cycling.Conclusions: These results support switching to a new MOA after a patient fails treatment with a TNFi, which is consistent with recent guidelines for the pharmacologic management of established rheumatoid arthritis. 相似文献
908.
We examine the impact of financial reforms on efficient reallocation of capital within and between sectors in South Africa using firm-level panel data for the period 1991–2008. The measure of efficient allocation of capital is based on the Tobin’s Q. We find that financial reforms are associated with improvements in within-sector, but not between-sector allocation of capital. These results imply that for South Africa to unleash the potential for take-off that is often associated with reallocation of resources from the primitive to modern sectors, reforms that focus beyond the financial sector are necessary. While more research is necessary to determine what would fully constitute such additional reforms, our analysis shows that reforms that improve the quality of economic institutions may be a step in the right the direction. 相似文献
910.