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11.
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This article specifies what an optimal pollution tax should be when dealing with a vertical Cournot oligopoly. Polluting firms
sell final goods to consumers and outsource their abatement activities to an environment industry. It is assumed that both
markets are imperfectly competitive. Thus, the tax is a single instrument used to regulate three sorts of distortions, one
negative externality and two restrictions in production. Consequently, the optimal tax rate is the result of a trade-off that
depends on the firms’ market power along the vertical structure. A detailed analysis of Cournot-Nash equilibria in both markets
is also performed. In this context, the efficiency of abatement activities plays a key-role. It gives a new understanding
to the necessary conditions for the emergence of an eco-industrial sector.
相似文献
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Summary Competition authorities are increasingly measuring the effects of their enforcement actions, seeking a robust justification
for the proliferation of competition policy. We highlight the importance of identifying the right counterfactual against which
to measure effects, and set out the relevant categories of costs and benefits. We then explore how a balance can be struck
between the benefits and inherent limitations of these measurement exercises. Relatively crude analyses of cartel action benefits
can be sufficient to achieve public legitimacy for competition policy. Assessing the effects of merger and conduct inquiries
is often ambiguous, but could be used to improve decision-making processes.
Director and Managing Consultant, respectively, at Oxera, Oxford and London. The valuable comments of Fod Barnes, Kerry Hughes
and an anonymous referee are gratefully acknowledged. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors alone. 相似文献
15.
The role of tourism is of vital economic importance, particularly for small countries with a privileged geographical location and favourable weather conditions. This paper examines the importance of tourism as a conditioning factor for higher regional growth in Portugal by employing the conditional convergence hypothesis of Barro and Sala-i-Martin, associated with the endogenous growth theory. The panel data estimation approach provides evidence of the positive impact of tourism (through the accommodation capacity) on the growth in per-capita income among the Portuguese regions, increasing the rate of convergence. Therefore, tourism can be considered as an alternative source for stimulating higher regional growth in Portugal, if the supply characteristics of this sector are improved. 相似文献
16.
This article studies the role of risk arbitrageurs in takeoversand the source of their advantage. We show how the presenceof arbitrageurs affects the value of the target shares, sincearbitrageurs are more likely to tender. Therefore an arbitrageurhas the informational advantage of knowing he bought shares.In equilibrium, the number of arbitrageurs buying shares andthe price they pay are determined endogenously. We also presentseveral empirical implications, including the relationship amongtrading volume, takeover premium, liquidity of the shares, andthe number of risk arbitrageurs investing in one particulardeal. 相似文献
17.
This study examines the influence of day-of-the-week patterns in security returns on long-run IPO underperformance. Comparisons are made between the IPOs in Ritter's [20] database, and a constructed set of matching firms based on SIC code and size, using NYSE, AMEX, and NASDAQ securities. It is found that virtually all of the IPO underperformance occurs on Mondays and Tuesdays and that the degree of underperformance significantly differs from other days. Thus, a common explanation may exist for the general day-of-the-week pattern in security returns and IPO long-run underperformance. 相似文献
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This article reviews the law regarding Title VII employment discrimination protection from religious discrimination. The issues surrounding the principal legal protection in this regard are explored in the context of a recent controversial case in which an author, Forrest Mims, was not hired as a regular contributor forScientific American magazine, ostensibly because of his belief in the theory of creation over the theory of evolution. The definition of what constitutes a protected religious belief or practice is seen to have expanded over time. However, a belief in creationism is not necessarily seen as being tantamount to a religious belief under present legal interpretation of Title VII. The implications of this finding for future needed Title VII revision are discussed. 相似文献
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