The Economics of Erosion and Sediment Control in Southwestern Ontario

This paper compares the costs of off-farm damage from sediment displaced through erosion from southern Ontario cropland with the costs of erosion control to farmers using available conservation tillage techniques. The SOILEC model is used to simulate the long-run on-farm profitability of alternative tillage systems. The Guelph model for evaluating the effects of Agricultural Management systems on Erosion and Sedimentation (GAMES) is used to estimate changes in sediment delivery rates under different production systems. The results of the analysis indicate that the off-farm gains from the use of conservation tillage generally exceed the on-farm costs of erosion control for southwestern Ontario growing conditions. Le présent document compare les coûts des dommages causés à l'extérieur des régions agricoles par le déplacement des sédiments sous l'effet de l'érosion des terres agricoles du sud de l'Ontario aux coûts des techiques de conservation du sol devant être utilisées par les agriculteurs pour lutter contre l'érosion. Le modèle SOILEC est utilisé pour simuler la rentabilitéà long terme, pour les agriculteurs, d'autres techniques de travail du sol. Le modèle Guelph pour évaluer les effets des systèmes de gestion agricole sur l'érosion et la sédimentation (GAMES) a également été utilisé pour estimer la variation du taux d'écoulement des sédiments en fonction de différents systèmes de production. Les résultats de l'analyse indiquent que les gains à l'extérieur de la ferme résultant de l'application de techniques de conservation sont en général supérieurs aux coûts des mesures de lutte contre l'érosion devant être utilisées à la ferme, dans les conditions de culture s'appliquant au sudouest de l'Ontario.     

Teleworking practice in small and medium-sized firms: management style and worker autonomy

In an empirical study of teleworking practices in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in west London, organisational factors such as management attitudes, worker autonomy and employment flexibility were found to be more critical than technological provision in facilitating successful implementation. Consequently, we argue that telework in most SMEs appears as a marginal activity performed mainly by managers and specialist mobile workers.     

Bridge over troubled waters? problems and opportunities in interfirm research collaboration

Effective interfirm collaboration is an incresingly significant factor in technological innovation. A wide and complex range of options exists within collabotative arrangements which affect the outcome and rewards for both partners. Firms are often unaware of the strategic implications of collaborative ventures. While some large firms may be invloved in strategic alliances at the corporate level in order to establish or maintain competitiveness, many remain unaware or unconvinced of the potential for the generation of innovations through collaborations with small, flexible, 'hi-tech” firms. the pace of change and the challenge of international competition threatens Western European firms with a 'technology gap' within a 'disorganized capitalist' setting. Various forms of interfirm cooperation within and across natinal boundaires may be important responses to such uncertainty and amy ultimately provide successful strategic remedies to the situation. This article presents the findings of a recently completed research project in which 27 pairs (mostly small/large) of collaborating, innovative firms were studied in order to examine the strategic and operational issues involued in interfirm research cooperation. Whilst highlighting the advantages of collaboration, and the potential problems for both the small and the large partner, we argue that the adoption of 'cooperative game' rules id vital for successful collaborative innovation. Additionally, we attempt to posit our findings within the current debate on organized/disorganized capitalism.     

California conservation Corps: An idea whose time has returned?

The author explains the origins of the California Conservation Corps in the USA. He outlines how, after shaky beginnings, the organization has been the subject of much comment and praise. The activities and achievements of the Californian Conservation Corps are underlined and there is an attempt to explain the factors behind its apparent success. This personal perspective analyses the motivation of the volunteers who constitute this disciplined workforce, faced often with very demanding tasks. Admitting that some factors, possibly unique to California, have favoured this programme, the author considers how adaptation of this approach might have a crucial role in conservation policies.     

Facilitating computer-supported meetings: A cumulative analysis in a multiple-criteria task environment

There have been many instances of the ineffective applications of new information technology. This article describes a program of enhancing the effectiveness of a new technology, Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS), through a series of studies which resulted in improvements in the technology itself as well as in how the technology is supported. Our approach emphasizes human facilitation and facilitative features embedded in the GDSS software.     

The link between SMEs alliance portfolio diversity and top management’s entrepreneurial and alliance orientations

International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal - To be able to survive and grow in twenty-first century global network economies, small-to-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) strive to develop...     

The density of the time to ruin for a Sparre Andersen process with Erlang arrivals and exponential claims

We derive expressions for the density of the time to ruin given that ruin occurs in a Sparre Andersen model in which individual claim amounts are exponentially distributed and inter-arrival times are distributed as Erlang(n,?β). We provide numerical illustrations of finite time ruin probabilities, as well as illustrating features of the density functions.