REDUCING FAT IN THE U.K. DIET — SOME LEGISLATIVE FACTORS

A high fat diet has been associated with a number of clinical conditions and it is recommended that the quantity of fat in the U.K. diet be reduced. Many foodstuffs of high fat content sold in the U.K. are subject to compositional regulations. The authors illustrate how the current regulations are acting to perpetuate the high fat nature of these food items and show how amendment of the legislation would be a useful strategy leading to a reduction in fat intake.     

Encouraging Professional Skepticism in the Industry Specialization Era

This paper provides theory and experimental evidence that, under common audit conditions, industry specialization inhibits some aspects of auditors’ professional skepticism. As auditors amass industry experience, they develop extensive knowledge of non-misstatement explanations for unusual financial statement fluctuations. This knowledge coupled with confidence in their ability to analyze audit evidence inhibits their inclination to be skeptical when there are no overt indicators of elevated misstatement risk. Although these conditions are, by definition, the conditions where misstatements are least likely, they are also the same conditions where the PCAOB has alleged pervasive insufficient professional skepticism and where well-concealed fraud is possible. These results pose an ethical dilemma for the PCAOB in terms of weighing its charge to protect the public interest against the fairness of its inspections to audit firms. Encouragingly, I also predict and find that audit firm efforts to promote professional skepticism are more effective for specialists as non-specialists are skeptical regardless of these efforts.     

Slower Price Rises in Commodity Markets

The rise in commodity prices continues due to strong demand from emerging economies in Asia. But not all prices are going up. Several industrial raw materials seem to have peaked earlier this year. Is this the beginning of a general change in price direction?     

Trotz HIV-Infektion ein relativ normales Leben führen

Zusammenfassung  Moderne Therapiem?glichkeiten — Wohl kaum ein Gebiet der Medizin hat eine vergleichbar rasantere Entwicklung erlebt als die Erforschung von HIV und der antiretroviralen Therapie. Die Suche nach einem Impfstoff gegen den HI-Virus blieb allerdings erfolglos. Der einzige Schutz ist noch immer die Pr?vention. Denn auch wenn eine HIV-Infektion heute zu einer chronischen Krankheit geworden ist, endet sie noch immer mit einem vorzeitigen Tod.     

Advertising Expenditure in the UK: 1982 Survey

This paper sets out the method of compilation of the UK official advertising statistics.