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141.
Computable general equilibrium (CGE) models are the premier analytical platform for assessing the economic impacts of climate change mitigation. But these models tend to treat physical capital as “malleable”, capable of reallocation among sectors over the time-period for which equilibrium is solved. Because the extent to which capital adjustment costs might dampen reallocation is not well understood, there is concern that CGE assessments understate the true costs of greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction policies. This paper uses a multi-region, multi-sector CGE model to investigate cap-and-trade schemes, such as the European Union Emission Trading System which cover a subset of the economy, elucidating the effects of capital malleability on GHG abatement, the potential for emission leakage from abating to non-abating sectors, and the impacts on welfare. To simplify the complex interactions being simulated within the CGE model, that analysis is complemented with an analytical model. A partial climate policy results in negative internal carbon leakage, with emissions declining not only in capped sectors but also in non-regulated ones. This result is stronger when capital is intersectorally mobile. Interestingly, in partial climate policy settings capital malleability can amplify or attenuate welfare losses depending on the attributes of the economy. 相似文献
142.
This paper investigates the effects of public ownership on the investment strategy of hybrid VC funds. We exploit a unique dataset containing data for all of the venture capital funds in Europe that received financial support from the European Investment Fund (EIF) during the years 1998–2007. The dataset includes 179 VC funds that invested in 2482 companies. We find that the level of public ownership shows a weak negative correlation with the likelihood of observing a write-off and that a higher public share is associated with a longer duration for the investment. The latter effect is more relevant for those investments that generate intermediate financial returns. The results are robust to the introduction of controls at the target firm level and for financial market conditions. 相似文献
143.
Marcella Nicolini Carlo Scarpa Paola Valbonesi 《Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade》2013,13(1):67-87
This article investigates how the general principles of the Treaty have been applied to the car sector in the EU, where the soft law provisions are of particular interest. A detailed quantitative analysis from 1990 to 2008 highlights a reduction of aid over time. A shift from sectoral to “regional development” motives in granting aid to the sector is also observed in the last 10 years. However, sector specific aid is now less explicit but it remains important. Large amounts of public money are spent without a consistent strategy, reducing capacity in some cases, expanding it in others. The scarcity of public funds calls for a more focussed European policy for this industry. 相似文献
144.
Mara Thiene Riccardo Scarpa Luigi Galletto Vasco Boatto 《Agricultural Economics》2013,44(4-5):523-536
We report the results of a study based on revealed and stated preference data on choice of Prosecco wines in retail stores close to the origin of production in Northern Italy. Emphasis is placed on ability to reconcile the utility structure of stated preference data with that underlying revealed preference data. We extend the analysis to cover nonattendance of key attributes, such as price and certification of origin, while controlling for the large range of brand effects. 相似文献
145.
Elisa Fredericks 《Industrial Marketing Management》2005,34(6):555-565
Two questions motivate this research. What conditions foster flexibility and how might business-to-business firms infuse flexibility throughout their organizations? A synthesis of the strategic management, marketing, and new product development literature was undertaken, which provided an updated interdisciplinary focus. Contingency theory and the resource-based view perspective were utilized to enhance our knowledge and emphasize the importance of flexibility and organizational performance. Superior intra- and inter-firm flexibility are proposed to influence business-to-business marketplace success. 相似文献
146.
Riccardo Scarpa Mara Thiene Tiziano Tempesta 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2007,38(4):447-460
We report preliminary results on the investigation of the hypothesis of the existence of latent classes in the total demand
for days out in a vast section of the Italian Eastern Alps. Finite mixing is informed by socioeconomic variables and it is
limited to the demand portion of a hurdle model of visitation. Gradually more flexible count models are estimated moving from
the Poisson to the Negative Binomial -1 and -2, to the generalized negative binomial. The implications for expected consumers
surplus, predicted visitation and choke prices are discussed for a plausible 2 class model where years of experience play
an important role in class membership.
相似文献
147.
This study explores the level of compliance and the subsequent economic performance of states in the context of anti‐money laundering (AML) regulations. Following Holmstrom and Tirole (1997) and Obstfeld and Rogoff (1998), we examine why countries admit illicit flows of money and the economic costs of these transactions. Analyzing 36 Latin American and Caribbean jurisdictions between 1960 and 2010, we find that poor institutional performance by a jurisdiction (AML ratings, blacklists with non‐cooperator countries, and corruption indicators) affects negatively the investment ratio to GDP, the FDI ratio to GDP, and financial development (ratio of credit markets to GDP). These findings are novel in the literature, offering an important contribution to the debate on financial regulatory convergence. 相似文献
148.
Recently, there has been growing interest in new financial tools that leverage on intellectual property assets, such as patent‐backed securitizations (PBSs). In this paper we study the potential determinants leading to the success or failure of securitization deals having patents as underlying assets. We develop a conceptual framework that we test on two well‐known US patent securitization deals in the pharmaceutical industry, by using a fuzzy set approach. Results highlight that factors related to the market size, level of competition and expected market life of the assets underlying a PBS can reasonably increase the probability that a deal will succeed. Moreover, a higher quality of the underlying invention and longer patent residual life are likely to reduce the risk of technical obsolescence and sales losses. Finally, the strength of the credit enhancement mechanisms, the flexibility of the deal architecture and the adoption of a diversification strategy are other key factors determining the success of the securitization. 相似文献
149.
Product configurator impact on product quality 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alessio Trentin Elisa Perin Cipriano Forza 《International Journal of Production Economics》2012,135(2):850-859
More and more firms today rely on product configurators to more efficiently and effectively meet increasingly diverse customers’ needs. In literature, however, the discussion of the performance outcomes of product configurator use is limited and largely based on anecdotal evidence. Our paper contributes to fill this gap by developing and empirically testing hypotheses about the relationship between product configurator use and product quality. We find empirical support for the hypotheses that product configurator use improves product quality and that this relationship is negatively moderated by the difficulty for a company to determine the needs of its target market. We conclude by discussing implications of our findings for both research and practice. 相似文献
150.
This article investigates the factors that determine differences across OECD countries in health outcomes, using data on life
expectancy at age 65, over the period 1960 to 2007. We estimate a production function where life expectancy depends on health
and social spending, lifestyle variables, and medical innovation. Our first set of regressions include a set of observed medical
technologies by country. Our second set of regressions proxy technology using a spatial process. This article also tests whether
in the long-run countries tend to achieve similar levels of health outcomes. Our results show that health spending has a significant
and mild effect on health outcomes, even after controlling for medical innovation. However, its short-run adjustments do not
seem to have an impact on health care productivity. Spatial spill overs in life expectancy are significant and point to the
existence of interdependence across countries in technology adoption. Furthermore, nations with initial low levels of life
expectancy tend to catch up with those with longer-lived populations. 相似文献