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Elmar Hönekopp 《Intereconomics》1993,28(2):69-73
Demography and the labour market are two important aspects that will have to be discussed in connection with possible Turkish membership of the European Community. The following article discusses these aspects primarily with regard to the situation in the EC and in Germany, which in the past was the main host country for Turkish migrants and will probably continue to be so in the future. 相似文献
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Ownership Structure, Corporate Governance, and Firm Value: Evidence from the East Asian Financial Crisis 总被引:25,自引:1,他引:25
We use a sample of 800 firms in eight East Asian countries to study the effect of ownership structure on value during the region's financial crisis. The crisis negatively impacted firms' investment opportunities, raising the incentives of controlling shareholders to expropriate minority investors. Crisis period stock returns of firms in which managers have high levels of control rights, but have separated their control and cash flow ownership, are 10–20 percentage points lower than those of other firms. The evidence is consistent with the view that ownership structure plays an important role in determining whether insiders expropriate minority shareholders. 相似文献
46.
Integrated reporting: background,measurement issues,approaches and an agenda for future research
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We discuss the background to integrated reporting, a new reporting framework focused on firms’ future value creation narrative. We consider why integrated reporting is an area of interest for the accounting profession, accountants, investors, regulators and managers. We provide an overview of the integrated reporting literature, discuss measurement and research design issues to take into account when designing studies on integrated reporting and identify approaches and set an agenda for future research. 相似文献
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Management Review Quarterly - This paper provides a systematic literature review and a future research agenda on the topic of purchasing of business services (BuSe). BuSe purchasing has... 相似文献
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Technological driving forces of LUCC: Conceptualization,quantification, and the example of urban power distribution networks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Franziska Hasselmann Elmar Csaplovics Isobel Falconer Matthias Bürgi Anna M. Hersperger 《Land use policy》2010
Consideration of technology is important for understanding the driving forces of human induced land-use and land-cover changes (LUCC). However, technological driving forces (TechDF) are seldom considered in quantitative analyses of LUCC because technology is difficult to quantify. In this paper we suggest addressing this difficulty by deducing quantification rationales from conceptualizations. We use the example of a comparative study of urban medium-voltage networks (MV networks) and urban land-use distribution to illustrate our approach. First, we outline how the effect of TechDF on LUCC can be conceptualized based on ‘contextualism’, a position concerning the role of technology in social and environmental change, and contrast this with the more common assumption of technological determinism. We outline further how MV networks can be conceptualized based on network genealogy, deduce a quantification rationale based on contextualism and network genealogy, and quantify MV networks. As a result of our case study we find that based on contextualism and network genealogy, the Tech DF of MV networks can be conceptualized as relational graphs of supplier–consumer interactions. Thus, the supplier–consumer-land-use interactions are specific for each context, for example for each city. A number of graph-theoretic measures of network topology provide a corresponding quantification rationale. Second, we use the results of a statistical analysis to discuss whether the quantification and quantification rationale for MV networks correspond to the conceptualization of MV networks based on contextualism and network genealogy. We answer this question broadly in the affirmative. Third, we discuss the issues that remain ambiguous for a conclusive answer. We also discuss the results of the statistical analysis in the light of comparative studies of urban land-use distribution. In conclusion, we regard combining conceptualization, quantification rationale, and quantification as promising in overcoming difficulties with the quantification of Tech DF in general. 相似文献
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Human appropriation of aboveground net primary production in Spain, 1955-2003: An empirical analysis of the industrialization of land use 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Elmar Schwarzlmüller 《Ecological Economics》2009,69(2):282-291
The human appropriation of net primary production (HANPP) is an indicator of the human domination of ecosystems that measures to which extent human activities alter the amount of biomass available each year in ecosystems. This paper analyses the development of aboveground HANPP (aHANPP) in Spain for the period from 1955 to 2003. During this period, Spain's agriculture underwent a transition from a largely pre-industrial to a highly intensified production system. Changes in land use patterns include a reduction of cropland area and an expansion of forest area. Results show that aHANPP declined from 67% of potential aNPP in 1955 to 61% in 2003. Biomass harvest strongly increased from 68 million tons dry matter biomass per year (Mt/yr) to 106 Mt/yr, with nearly all of this increase occurring on cropland. Productivity losses due to human-induced land conversions dropped significantly from 112 Mt/yr to 63 Mt/yr, mainly as a result of the surge in cropland productivity and the increase in forest area. Despite its decrease during the last decades, aHANPP in Spain is still at a remarkably high level in comparison with the global average or other industrialized countries. 相似文献
50.
Alexander Dyck Karl V. Lins Lukas Roth Hannes F. Wagner 《Journal of Financial Economics》2019,131(3):693-714
This paper assesses whether shareholders drive the environmental and social (E&S) performance of firms worldwide. Across 41 countries, institutional ownership is positively associated with E&S performance with additional tests suggesting this relation is causal. Institutions are motivated by both financial and social returns. Investors increase firms’ E&S performance following shocks that reveal financial benefits to E&S improvements. In cross section, investors increase firms’ E&S performance when they come from countries with a strong community belief in the importance of E&S issues, but not otherwise. As such, these institutional investors transplant their social norms regarding E&S issues around the world. 相似文献