Across-the-border Contamination,The Andorra Power Plant (Teruel): A Business Ethics Case

The purpose of this article is to present a business ethics case from the viewpoint of discursive ethics. Dialogue and subsequent agreement constitute two key ideas of European identity and are two basic concepts of discursive ethics thinking. Our choice for this type of approach was determined by several reasons, of which there are three that should be pointed out, as they can be considered an heritage of the European way of thinking:1) the need for a rational dialogue, in which all those affected -- or, failing that, the people acting in their name -- are represented, as a way to find solutions to conflicts;2) the importance of respecting a set of conditions ensuring equal opportunities and total symmetry among the participants; and3) obliged respect for the universalization principle, which establishes that a decision is morally correct when it can or could be accepted by all those whom it affects, present or future.In order to present this case, the following steps are taken. Firstly, a brief summary of the case will be provided, defining the different ways of approaching the problem and the resulting map of interests. Secondly, the different interests and values, which came into play, are analysed. Finally, we go over the different approaches that were made to reach a solution before considering dialogue, which turned out to be the most decisive.     

Jean Antoine Chaptal: from chemistry to political economy

The article studies to which extent the economic ideas of Jean Antoine Chaptal were conditioned by his education and knowledge as a chemist. Chaptal's life and activities and the main elements of his economic thought as expressed in his written works suggest certain relationships between his education as scientist, doctor and chemist, and his economic thought. Chaptal's place in the history of economic thought is discussed, especially those opinions that define him as a neo-mercantilist, or as an economist of the nation in the pure industrialist sense. But on a closer analysis, Chaptal can be defined as an industrialist physiocrat as a result of his training.     

马达加斯加外商直接投资的局限性与展望

本文主要研究分析外商直接投资(FDI)在马达加斯加的投资前景及局限性。外商直接投资并不是总会给一国经济增长带来有利的贡献,由于投资的欠缺,外商直接投资(FDI)在一定程度上恶化了马达加斯加的贸易收支,因此需要外国资本来促进马达加斯加的经济增长。笔者在此提出持续的外商直接投资(FDI)、整体经济的均衡发展、稳定的政治环境、良好有效的管理及经济改革等因素对一国经济发展是至关重要的。     

Potential Conflict and Inefficiencies Arising in Agri‐environmental Management

We characterise the welfare implications of uncoordinated policy decisions in the presence of multiple externalities, illustrated with an aquifer. We concentrate on the problem of coordination that can occur when distinct agricultural and water authorities implement their respective policies (to optimise food production and groundwater use) with environmental concerns in mind. We represent this problem as an open‐loop Nash game, which compares the game‐theoretical solution to a centrally planned solution. We show that the inefficiencies arise from differences in the account taken of relevant costs by different authorities. We demonstrate that the magnitude of the inefficiency generated by the absence of coordination of our authorities varies depending on the weights put on environmental benefits by each authority, and discuss the implications of analysis for future research and policy.     

Factor Components of Inequality: A Cross‐Country Study

This paper uses data from the Luxembourg Income Study to examine some of the forces that have driven changes in household income inequality over the last three decades of the twentieth century. We decompose inequality for six countries (Canada, Germany, Norway, Sweden, the U.K., and the U.S.) into the three sources of market income (earnings, property income, and income from self‐employment) and taxes and transfers. Our findings indicate that although changes in the distribution of earnings are an important force behind recent trends, they are not the only one. Greater earnings dispersion has in some cases been accompanied by a reduction in the share of earnings which dampened its impact on overall household income inequality. In some countries the contribution of self‐employment income to inequality has been on the rise, while in others, increases in inequality in capital income account for a substantial fraction of the observed distributional changes.