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141.
This article tests the view (derived from Hicks and Patinkin)that non-market clearance may be caused by slow adjustment (processrigidity). There are models where market-rationing ispresent and derives from some form of rigidity, but this rigiditycannot be considered as process rigidity. It is similarly possibleto accommodate the idea of process rigidity within the Marshallianresearch programme. What is missing is that market-rationingmight be its corollary. The reason such a causal link is oftenbelieved to exist lies in a generic use of the concept of rigidity,used to designate alternative and incompatible phenomena: exogenousend-state rigidity and equilibrium end-state rigidity,as well as process rigidity. It is true that these first twoforms of rigidity create market rationing. The belief that slowadjustment also generates market rationing results from theunwarranted extension to process rigidity of conclusions whichare only valid for the first two. 相似文献
142.
This article explores how a multivariate logit model of theprobability of a banking crisis can be used to monitor bankingsector fragility. The proposed approach relies on readily availabledata, and the fragility assessment has a clear interpretationbased on in-sample statistics. The model has better in-sampleperformance than currently available alternatives, and the monitoringsystem can be tailored to fit the preferences of decisionmakersregarding type I and type II errors. The framework can be usefulas a preliminary screen to economize on precautionary costs. 相似文献
143.
This paper addresses the pass-through from market interest rates to retail bank interest rates. The paper advocates a heterogeneous approach and applies it to the Belgian banking market. A substantial proportion of the heterogeneity in bank pricing policies can be explained by the bank lending channel and the relative market power hypothesis. The results also suggest that the long-term pass-through is typically less than one-for-one, rejecting the completeness hypothesis. While there is no convincing evidence for asymmetry in retail rates, large deviations from equilibrium mark-ups are faster reduced than small deviations. Overall, conditions for corporate loans are more competitive compared to consumer loans. Demand and savings deposits have, by far, the most rigid prices. 相似文献
144.
We study the optimal stopping problems embedded in a typical mortgage. Despite a possible non-rational behaviour of the typical borrower of a mortgage, such problems are worth to be solved for the lender to hedge against the prepayment risk, and because many mortgage-backed securities pricing models incorporate this suboptimality via a so-called prepayment function which can depend, at time t, on whether the prepayment is optimal or not. We state the prepayment problem in the context of the optimal stopping theory and present an algorithm to solve the problem via weak convergence of computationally simple trees. Numerical results in the case of the Vasicek model and of the CIR model are also presented. The procedure is extended to the case when both the prepayment as well as the default are possible: in this case, we present a new method of building two-dimensional computationally simple trees, and we apply it to the optimal stopping problem. 相似文献
145.
Porf. Mr. A. M. De Jong 《De Economist》1964,112(9):545-589
Vervolg van het artikel in de aflevering van mei, blz. 289 e.v. 相似文献
146.
本文对我国经济金融运行现状进行了分析,阐述了货币政策适时适度调整,成功进行了宏观调控,促进了经济平稳较快发展。未来一段时期,我国金融业面临难得机遇和严峻挑战,需要注意把握政策的稳定性、针对性和灵活性,维护金融稳定,促进经济结构调整和发展方式转变。 相似文献
147.
国家自然科学基金申报是科学性与艺术性高度结合的创造性劳动。高中标率背后离不开高效务实的科技管理。思想重视、措施得力、主攻目标明确,迎来了我院 1999年基金项目申报的大丰收。 相似文献
148.
Summary This paper performs a meta-analysis of empirical estimates of uncompensated labour supply elasticities. For the Netherlands,
we find that an elasticity of 0.5 for women and 0.1 for men is a good reflection of what the literature reveals. The elasticity
for men hardly differs between countries, but for women some cross-country variation is found. The increasing participation
rate of women may lead to a somewhat lower elasticity in the future. Both the specification of the hours function and the
estimation method are found to affect elasticity estimates.
相似文献
149.
150.
Macroeconomic Consequences of Outsourcing: An Analysis of Growth, Welfare, and Product Variety 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Henri L.F. De Groot 《De Economist》2001,149(1):33-51
Outsourcing of non-core activities is nowadays a common business strategy. Declining transaction and transportation costs caused by the advent of Information and Communication Technology are a potentially important driving force behind this development. This paper provides a theoretical framework for analysing a firm's incentive to follow such a strategy of outsourcing and its consequences for macroeconomic variables like growth and product variety. We divide production activities into core and non-core activities. Non-core activities can be performed within the firm or can be mediated by the market. We derive conditions under which outsourcing occurs, and under which outsourcing is socially desirable. These conditions do not necessarily coincide. Outsourcing may hence be a profitable strategy for firms, while it is socially suboptimal. Crucial parameters in the model are the relative scale of core versus non-core activities, management costs, transaction costs and love for variety of consumers. 相似文献