Integration erneuerbarer Energien in die deutsche Stromversorgung im Zeitraum 2015�C2020 mit Ausblick auf 2025

The dena grid study II examines the integration of renewable energies into Germany??s electricity supply up to the year 2020 and gives a qualified outlook up to 2025. The study develops geographically differentiated scenarios for installed wind power capacity, on the basis of which time series of the wind power feed-in into high and extra high voltage nodes and offshore wind farms are generated. Future requirements for the transmission grid and grid extension options are analysed. Opportunities to introduce more flexibility in the power system in terms of supply and demand are examined. The study gives a conceptual perspective of the need for grid extension in inner Germany in order to fully integrate renewable energies, whilst operating power stations at optimum cost and exchanging electricity with other countries in response to market demands within the scope of the specified transmission capacities.     

Gender‐based perceptions of equity in China's state‐owned enterprises

Despite the emphasis on equality in China's state‐owned enterprises, analysis of data collected from 900 Chinese in 10 state‐owned enterprises indicated that statistically significant pay differences exist between male and female employees. However, differences between male and female employees' perceptions of equity in these enterprises were found to be statistically significant only among those employees with fewer years of work experience and those with lower levels of technical skills. Perceptions of equity were also found to be related to the job satisfaction of both male and female employees. These results are discussed within the context of the Maoist ideology of egalitarianism and the post‐Tiananmen movement toward the forging of links between employee compensation and performance. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

The multilinear extension and the coalition structure value

The multilinear extension has been shown to be an effective tool for computing the Shapley value of an n-person game. We modify here the method for the multilinear extension to calculate the modified coalition structure value (CS-value) for such games.     

Hidden but in plain sight: The role of scale adjustment in industry dynamics

While much is understood about the general pattern of industry dynamics, a critical element underlying these dynamics, the rate of the expansion of individual firms, has been largely overlooked. We argue that the rate at which firms can reliably increase their scale of operations is a critical factor in understanding the structure of industries. Further, success at scaling‐up the firm's operations provides a dynamic‐isolating mechanism that insulates established firms from new competition. We show that the bases of profitability in the industry (monopoly‐like profits stemming from the restriction of output, efficiency rents based on firm‐specific productivity differences, or transitory Schumpeterian profits) can be traced to the scale adjustment process. We explore these issues in a computational model of industry dynamics. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.