The demand for money in EEC countries

This paper examines the demand for money in the EEC countries and is focussed on five issues. First it starts form a common economic framework, which allows for shifts from M 2 to non-money assets and vice versa. Second, special attention is given to the dynamic structure of the statistical model in order to obtain meaningful conclusions on, e.g., the speed of adjustment of actual to optimal money holdings. Third, the study is entirely based on a uniform set of quarterly data for the eight countries concerned. Fourth, the paper presents a careful examination of the residuals and, finally, analyses the predictive behaviour of the estimated models. For all countries we found long-run income elasticities greater than unity and interest rate elasticities clustered around -0.20. The impact of inflation and the business cycle variable appeared to be significant in the majority of countries considered.     

Some problems with transient phenomena when simulating unpaced lines

Unlike earlier simulation studies of unpaced production lines which generally concentrated on steady-state behavior, we are concerned with their transient characteristics. This paper (1) presents an approach for studying and monitoring transient behavior, (2) reports some important transient operating characteristics previously overlooked, and (3) demonstrates that the conflicting results reported in some of the earlier simulation studies are due to an inadequate accounting for transient behavior. Thus, this paper illustrates the importance of having a better understanding of transient behavior in unpaced lines, and presents our initial steps towards dealing with it.     

Similarities between conflict and cooperation in the marketing channel

This article examines the relationship between two causes of conflict: domain dissensus and perceptual incongruity, and the levels of conflict and cooperation within a marketing channel dyad. Utilizing a national sample of food broker-food wholesaler dyads, four hypotheses were tested—two relating domain dissensus and two relating perceptual incongruity to conflict/cooperation. Results indicated no significant relationship between either perceptual incongruities or domain dissensus and the level of conflict found in the dyad, while a significant negative relationship was found between both perceptual incongruities and domain dissensus and the level of cooperation in the dyad.