Small and Medium Enterprise Financing in Transition Economies

This paper studies the financing status of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in transition economies. Factors causing financing obstacles are indentified and further analyzed to determine their influence over financing patterns. Bank regulatory practices relevant to SMEs’ access to bank loans and their influence over loan structures are identified. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by exploring the impact of specific bank regulatory practices on credit lending to SMEs in transition economies.     

迁移成本、工资上升与刘易斯转折点——一个对“刘易斯转折点”分析框架的再探讨

本文从引起劳动供给条件变化的迁移成本角度对刘易斯转折点与工资上涨的关系进行探讨。分析认为,具有刘易斯转折点意义的工资上升必须同时满足两个条件:(1)必须是劳动力市场供求作用的结果,任何非劳动力供求因素变化本身导致的工资上涨都不代表转折点的到来;(2)必须是劳动力转移的结果,任何与劳动力转移无关的因素导致的工资上涨都不能作为判断转折点出现的标志。由迁移成本上升导致的补偿工资上升与具有刘易斯转折点意义的工资上升并不具有同样的性质。因此,在进行工资上涨与中国的刘易斯转折点是否到来的分析时,需要将这些引起迁移成本变化而与劳动力转移无关的因素加以分离,否则得出的结论很可能是有偏的。     

A review of Delphi forecasting research in tourism

The Delphi technique is the most popular judgemental forecasting method in tourism studies, but theoretical and empirical developments in this area (especially for forecasting purposes) have been slow. This paper analyses published research on Delphi forecasting in tourism and hospitality, explores how the Delphi forecasting method has progressed over the past four decades in terms of topical areas, empirical applications, and issues of reliability and validity, and is thus expected to advance understanding of the Delphi technique, providing topical and methodological recommendations for researchers and industry practitioners for producing accurate forecasts. The literature concerning the qualitative and quantitative applications of Delphi forecasting in tourism is mainly divided into three research themes: event forecasting, forecasting tourism demand, and forecasting future trends/market conditions (the most popular application). Issues of accuracy, reliability, and validity, as well as a group of Delphi-specific characteristics, such as panel size, panel selection, consensus measures, and analysis of results, are summarized and discussed. This study also examines the accuracy of Delphi forecasts as well as exploring the role of the Delphi approach in integrating human judgement into quantitative forecasts.     

基于目的地形象理论的旅游危机管理——以中国四川地震为例

旅游危机管理作为旅游业减少破坏、保障安全和抵御风险的一种重要手段,日益成为旅游研究中的一项重要内容.2008年5月,中国汶川特大地震发生后,四川旅游业受到重创,同时救援和重建工作迅速展开.本文试从旅游者对危机事件感知的角度出发,阐述了旅游目的地形象的形成机制和影响路径模式.在旅游目的形象理论的基础上,总结四川地震灾害在发作期、延续期、痊愈期的不同影响,以及目的地采取的形象塑造和危机管理的相应措施.     

旅游资源生态位的概念及整合开发策略研究

旅游资源的整合开发利用作为现代经济背景下一种有效的旅游开发方式,为旅游目的地构建新型区域旅游系统提供了新的发展模式。尝试将生态位的概念引入区域旅游资源的整合开发利用研究,探讨了旅游资源生态位的概念及以此为基础的资源整合开发策略。     

福建省高端装备制造业技术创新效率评价

将技术创新分为两个阶段——投入转化阶段和转化产出阶段,运用DEA两阶段法和DEAMalmquist指数法,对2008—2012年福建省高端装备制造业5个细分行业的两阶段技术创新效率进行了静态和动态评价。研究结果如下:在技术创新的第一阶段,福建省高端装备制造业的投入转化效率在很大程度上依赖于技术进步,但这种趋势在减弱;在技术创新的第二阶段,福建省高端装备制造业的转化产出效率呈下降趋势,且技术进步和技术效率对之共同发挥影响作用。     

论西部民族地区自我发展能力的提升

提升西部民族地区自我发展能力,面临着自然环境、经济、政治和思想文化等诸多因素的制约。因此,必须要调整产业结构,完善基础设施建设,增强区域的资本积累能力和要素聚集能力;完善制度,改善环境,增强区域的政府组织协调能力和人文发展能力：构建社会主义核心价值体系,增强区域的民族凝聚力和向心力;创新科技,发展教育,增强区域的智力支持力和发展持续力;合理利用资源,保护环境,增强区域的生态平衡发展能力。     

多市场接触与市场竞争行为——以中国民航运输业为例

多市场接触竞争理论考虑了同一企业在不同市场的竞争行为的关联性,大量来自西方市场的研究证明多市场接触可导致企业在竞争中"相互容忍",降低市场竞争的激烈程度.参照这些研究方法,本文运用中国国内主要定期航线市场数据,计算出航线多市场接触指数,并进行回归分析.结果显示,尽管中国国内航线市场多市场接触程度较高,但对市场竞争的实际影响微弱.研究还发现管制制度是影响中国航空公司竞争战略的重要因素.     

饭店服务质量测量方法研究综述

提高服务质量是饭店企业区别于竞争对手,获得相对竞争优势的重要手段.要改善服务质量,首先需要有效和实用的测量方法对服务质量进行可靠和准确的测量.本文对服务质量的测量方法进行了综述,分析它们在饭店业中的应用现状及问题,同时阐述了饭店服务质量测量的新趋势.     

The Essential Role of Sense of Community in a Youth Sport Program

This multiphased study identifies the salient benefits that parents seek for their families from a youth sport program. Phase 1, a preseason focus group study of parents of swimmers in three clubs (N = 15), indicated parents seek a sense of community for their children and themselves, and sense of community is linked to their desire for children to learn sport and life skills. Phase 2, a postseason survey of parents in the same three clubs (N = 129), tested the relationships among coaching quality, friendships, organizational communication, sport and life skills, sense of community, parents' satisfaction, and their repeat purchase intention. Using path analysis, sense of community was identified as the key driver of satisfaction and repeat purchase intention, with swimming improvement also having a significant effect on satisfaction. These findings highlight the central role sense of community plays for participants and their families in youth sport contexts.