Exploring factors affecting international technological specialization: the role of knowledge flows and the structure of innovative activity

Journal of Evolutionary Economics - We define international technological specialisation (ITS) as the technological performance of a country in a specific technology relative to its overall...     

Technological Regimes and Schumpeterian Patterns of Innovation

This paper proposes that the specific pattern of innovative activities in an industry can be explained as the outcome of different technological (learning) regimes . A technological regime is defined by the particular combination of technological opportunities, appropriability of innovations, cumulativeness of technical advances and properties of the knowledge base. Building upon the distinction between Schumpeter Mark I and Schumpeter Mark II industries, this paper provides empirical estimates of the relationships between indicators of the Schumpeterian patterns of innovation (concentration of innovative activities, stability in the hierarchy of innovators and importance of new innovators) and indicators of the variables defining technological regimes.     

Does Financial Development Promote Innovation in Developing Economies? An Empirical Analysis

Using firm‐level data from 2006 to 2013 for a set of developing countries, we examine the effects of financial development on innovation. Financial development boosts innovation by improving resource allocation and investment in strategic sectors as well as facilitating technology to promote growth. Using binary response models and instrumental variable techniques to correct for endogeneity, we find robust but puzzling results. Contrary to most of the existing literature, financial development has a negative effect on the probability of a firm to innovate in developing countries. This effect is conditional on firm size, and only larger firms benefit from financial development. These results are robust to different measures of financial development and econometric specifications. We argue that this is a result of the design of the financial system in regard to the lack of capital and institutional system. Consequently, developing countries should first generate appropriate institutional conditions if they want financial development to spur growth through innovation.     

Scelta tra alternative incerte con informazioni parziali sulle funzioni di utilità

In questo lavoro si considera la classe dei decisori avversi al rischio e per questa classe viene proposto un metodo per verificare la dominanza stocastica tra due possibilità in alternativa quando la funzione d'utilità sia nota soltanto in un numero finito di punti.

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This paper deals with the set of adverse to risk decision-makers. For this set a method to check stochastic dominance is proposed. The method works when utility function value is known only on a finite set of points.

     

Towards monetary constitutionalism in Italy

Various facts which belong to the past, present, and future of Italy, which concern both politics and economics, and which are relevant within a broad discussion of monetary policy support the request for a constitutionalization of the target of monetary stability. The authors are grateful to James M. Buchanan for his encouragement in carrying out the research and to an anonymous referee of this journal for his helpful comments on an earlier version of the paper.     

精益维修

企业管理要想达到世界级水平,必须实施精益维修。本文介绍了精益思想的原理,精益生产的组成,精益维修的目的、结构及其维修业绩评价系统。