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71.
Frank Strobel 《Applied economics》2013,45(13):1449-1453
The real option implicit in a country's decision of whether to leave an existing monetary union when there is uncertainty over the future benefits of this move is examined. The theoretical model used is calibrated for the current Euro-12 area by proxying policymakers’ inflation preferences with unemployment rates and debt-to-GDP ratios. A robust group of countries is observed that would choose to remain within EMU consisting of Belgium, Finland, Greece and Italy; France and Spain loosely also belong to this core. Only Luxembourg would robustly want to leave EMU; Ireland and The Netherlands, however, complement that core closely. 相似文献
72.
Regional corn yield models incorporating stochastic trends, prices and weather variables are estimated. Hypothesis tests suggest yield variability has increased because of an increase in error variance and an increase in weather-related effects. Decomposition of the error variance shows much of its increase is due to an increased correlaion between regional yields. 相似文献
73.
74.
This study investigates the quarterly relationship between the quantity of cigarettes sold, real disposable income per capita, and the relative price level of cigarettes in Canada. Careful attention is paid to the nonstationarity of the data and the dynamic specification of the model. It is concluded that cigarette demand is extremely insensitive to price and income changes. This is evidence of the large consumer surplus smokers enjoy and the large revenue increasing potential of a cigarette tax increase policy, as opposed to cigarette bans. 相似文献
75.
Frank Stähler 《Review of Development Economics》2007,11(2):321-332
This paper presents a model in which two firms may use foreign direct investment or outsourcing in order to reduce the production cost of an intermediate input. Outsourcing requires training which is costly and creates a positive spillover. The paper shows that the equilibrium depends on the level of training costs. If they are high, only bilateral outsourcing is possible in equilibrium. If bilateral outsourcing is incomplete, it will not change prices compared to no outsourcing. If they are low, only complete outsourcing is possible. If complete outsourcing is unilateral (bilateral), the price increases (decreases) with the degree of spillovers. 相似文献
76.
We propose an empirical commodity market model with heterogeneous speculators. While the power of trend-extrapolating chartists
is constant over time, the symmetric impact of stabilizing fundamentalists adjusts endogenously according to market circumstances:
Using monthly data for various commodities such as cotton, sugar or zinc, our STAR–GARCH model indicates that their influence
positively depends on the distance between the commodity price and its long-run equilibrium value. Fundamentalists seem to
become more and more convinced that mean reversion will set in as the mispricing enlarges. Commodity price cycles may thus
emerge due to the nonlinear interplay between different trader types.
The paper represents the authors’ personal opinion and does not necessarily reflect the views of the Deutsche Bundesbank. 相似文献
77.
Frank Belschak Willem Verbeke Richard P. Bagozzi 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》2006,34(3):403-418
The authors study how salespeople cope with social anxiety during customer contacts and find that two tactics, sale perseverance
and task concentration, ultimately reduce dysfunctional protective actions. Both coping tactics, however, are differentially
moderated by strength of felt physiological sensations and strength of negative expectations and thoughts. Salespeople experiencing
anxiety cognitions should distract themselves by concentrating on their task to free up their thinking in relation to the
task at hand. Engaging in behaviors to modify the situation by persevering on the sale, on the other hand, occupies action
space and should be the coping strategy of choice for those salespeople confronting physiological sensations in relation to
felt anxiety. Hypotheses are tested on a sample of 171 salespersons.
Frank Belschak (f.d.belschak@uva.nl) is an assistant professor of marketing and organizational behavior in the Business School at the University
of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. He received his PhD from the University of Cologne in Germany. His current research interests
include personal selling, emotions, and emotion regulation in organizations and across cultures.
Willem Verbeke (verbeke@few.eur.nl) is a chaired professor of sales and account management at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
He received his PhD from the University of Pennsylvania. His area of research interests includes personal selling, sales management,
emotions and emotion regulation, and knowledge management.
Richard P. Bagozzi (bagozzi@umich.edu) is a professor of marketing in the Ross School of Business and a professor of social and administrative
sciences in the College of Pharmacy at the University of Michigan. He received his PhD from Northwestern University. He conducts
research on human emotions, the theory of action, goal setting and goal striving, and structural equation methods. 相似文献
78.
Brands matter: An empirical demonstration of the creation of shareholder value through branding 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Thomas J. Madden Frank Fehle Susan Fournier 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》2006,34(2):224-235
This research responds to the attendant need for empirical evidence pertaining to how marketing affects firm performance.
Using the Fama-French method, common in finance, and a leading marketplace measure of a brand’s financial equity value, the
authors provide empirical evidence for the branding-shareholder value creation link. The results extend previous research
by showing that strong brands not only deliver greater returns to stockholders than does a relevant benchmark but do so with
less risk This finding holds even when market share and firm size are considered.
Barclays Global Investors
Thomas J. Madden is a professor of marketing and director of the Professional MBA/Executive International MBA programs at the Moore School
of Business, University of South Carolina. His research focuses on the measurement of brand meaning, marketing metrics, and
value-based marketing strategies. His research has appeared in theJournal of Marketing Research, theJournal of Marketing, and theJournal of Consumer Behavior.
Frank Fehle (frank.fehle@barclaysglobal.com) is the head of Europe Equity Research at Barclays Global Investors in London, United Kingdom.
Previously, he was an assistant professor of finance at the University of South Carolina. His research focuses on empirical
asset pricing, market microstructure, risk management, and derivatives. His work has appeared in theJournal of Financial Economics, theJournal of Futures Markets, theJournal of Economics and Business, theReview of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, among other journals and conference proceedings.
Susan Fournier is an associate professor of marketing at Boston University. Her research focuses on branding and brand relationship marketing.
Current projects explore person-brands, resonance as a moderator of the brand meaning → brand strength connection, the types
of relationships consumers form with brands, and dynamic processes of relationship development and evolution. She served for
9 years on the Harvard Business School faculty and 2 years as a visitor at Dartmouth College. She consults with a range of
companies to inform her teaching, case development, and research. 相似文献
79.
Growth in overall life expectancy is straining the Social Security budget, and the gap in life expectancy between the rich and poor is widening. Motivated by these facts, this paper does four things. First, we develop a simple way to summarize the degree of progressivity in a Social Security system. Second, we show that growth in the life expectancy gap over the last few decades unwinds three-quarters of the progressivity of the Social Security system. Third, we develop simple reforms to Social Security that maintain the progressivity of the system and restore fiscal solvency. Fourth, we estimate the welfare effects of these potential reforms. 相似文献
80.
Ignazio Angeloni Günter Coenen Frank Smets 《Scottish journal of political economy》2003,50(5):527-549
In this paper we first explore the impact of nominal and real persistence on the transmission process of various shocks in an estimated DSGE model of the euro area. We then analyse its impact on optimal monetary policy and investigate the performance of various monetary policies when the policy maker is uncertain about the degree of nominal and real persistence. 相似文献