Requests for zoo visitors to undertake pro-wildlife behaviour: How many is too many?

Recognising the potential conservation impact, zoos regularly ask their visitors to undertake pro-wildlife behaviour. This paper presents the results of two studies undertaken to address the question: how often during a visit should visitors be asked? Study 1 sought to a) determine individuals' personal thresholds and b) the point where the number of different behaviours requested began affect visitors' experiences. Study 2 sought the same, but focused on requests for the same behaviour. Results suggest that few respondents' personal thresholds were crossed (2.5% in Study 1 and 9% in Study 2). In neither study did many respondents (2.5% in Study 1 and 2.8% in Study 2) feel that the number of requests negatively affect their overall zoo experience. While there are caveats, we conclude that there appears little cause for concern about asking zoo visitors on multiple occasions to act in support of wildlife. Indeed, such requests may improve experiences.     

Blue Flag or Red Herring: Do beach awards encourage the public to visit beaches?

Surveys of beach visitor motivation in Ireland, Wales, Turkey and the USA indicate that beach awards play an insignificant role in motivation to visit beaches. However, a number of criteria closely identified with awards, notably cleanliness and water quality, are revealed to be very important. Aesthetic and emotional factors such as scenic setting and general ambience, and practical concerns such as proximity and range of activities available are much more important than beach awards in attracting visitors to beaches. The merits of beach awards are critically reviewed and it is concluded that any benefits that might accrue are in areas other than attracting visitors.     

Industry and Government Advertising Regulation: An Analysis of Relative Efficiency and Effectiveness

This study analyzes data to determine the relative efficiency of the Advertising Standards Council, Consumer and Corporate Affairs Canada, and the Ministry of Consumer and Corporate Affairs of British Columbia in handling complaints about misleading advertising. The data suggest that, for some types of complaints, self-regulation is faster and nay resolve complaints at a lower cost than federal or provincial regulation. While there appear to be advertising problems that a self-regulatdry body is uniquely capable of handling, some classes of advertising complaints require the investigatory and punishment capabilities of government regulators. Effective and efficient regulation of advertising is best achieved through cooperative efforts by industry and government regulators. To achieve this goal, more informal interaction among regulators is suggested. Résumé Cette étude présente une analyse de données visant à déterminer l'efficacité relative du Conseil des nonnes de la publicité, Consommation et Corporations Canada et le Ministère de la consommation et des corporations de la Colombie-Britanique dans son traitement des plaintes concernant la publicité trompeuse. Les données indiquent que dans certains types de plaintes V auto-réglementation est plus rapide et permet une résolution moins coǔteuse que la réglementation fédérale ou provinciale. Bien qu'il semble que certains problèmes de publicité ne puissent ětre traités par un organisme auto-réglementé, certains types de plaintes nécessitent des enquětes et des mesures de réprimande dont seules des instances gouvernementales peuvent se charger. Une réglementation efficace dans le domaine de la publicité ne peut ětre mise en place que grǎce a une coopération entre l'industrie et les organismes de réglementation gouvernementaux. Pour atteindre ce but, l'étude recommande une plus grande interaction informelle parmi les organismes de réglementation.     

Effect of fireproofing design on thermal performance of horizontal members with top flange exposed

It is common practice in the industrial sector to leave the top flanges of fireproofed beams bare. The main reason for this is to permit placement of pipes and grating on the beams without interference from fireproofing materials. To the authors' knowledge, tests of such configurations have not been conducted to determine actual resistance to fire. However, structures fireproofed in this manner have survived actual fire exposures. The purpose of this paper is to examine theoretically the effect of various fireproofing designs on the performance of these members and point out which practices can lead to premature failure of fireproofed beams where top surfaces are left bare. An approximate but practical analytical model is used to evaluate bare steel, encased (concrete/contour) and box (hollow) constructions. The need for reinforcements is demonstrated by examining the effect of bond loss in decomposable systems. Thermal performance is related to load carrying capability of the member.