Measuring a Consumer Energy Conservation Ethic: An Analysis of Components

An energy future based on conservation will require that consumers subscribe to a Consumer Energy Conservation Ethic. This study identifies the components and best predictors of a conservation ethic.     

The Return of the Reciprocitarians — US Trade Policy Today

‘We are always willing to be trade partners, but never trade patsies’— President Ronald Reagan, State of the Union Message, Washington, 1987     

Case for Evaluating Protection in an Economy-wide Perspective

‘Whether protectionism spreads, imposing major harm on the world economy, depends on three factors: the costs and benefits of trade for domestic political actors; these actors’ access to and control over the process of government; and the extent to which international commitments and obligations to trade policy are viewed as binding by national governments’ —Costs and Benefits of Protection (Paris: OECD Secretariat, 1985)     

THE TERMS OF TRADE IN THE PRESENCE OF RE-EXPORT TRADE: SOME FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS(*)

Abstract. In this paper we examine the measure of terms of trade changes, adjusted to take re-export trade into account, proposed by Lloyd and Sandilands (1985), and introduce two additional (but very basic) complications: a positive rate of growth and substitutability between imports and the domestic factor(s). We show that in such cases one can no longer establish a precise analogy with the traditional measure, and argue that the very notion of « a terms of trade change » becomes somewhat ambiguous. As an alternative view, we derive a measure of the impact of international price changes on what will be called « trade augmented » productivity; such a measure will be based on the movements of the wage-rate of profit frontier.