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131.
132.
Kurt von Rabenau Wolf SchÄfer Jiri Kolaja Herbert Weise Adolf Wagner Theodor D. Zotschew Paulgeorg Juhl J. P. Agarwal W. -D. Zumpfort Gerhard Noe Wolf SchÄfer 《Review of World Economics》1976,112(4):792-814
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
133.
Summary This paper examines two aspects of equilibrium — and stability concepts, which go beyond the traditional analyses. Firstly the speed by which a systems returns to the equilibrium position after an initial disturbance and, secondly, the introduction of stochastic elements in the analysis of stability. Both aspects are presented against the background of a simple model of the Austrian economy.It is known that a system of difference equations is stable if the greatest sigenvalue is smaller than one. In trying to estimate confidence intervals it can be shown that an evaluation according to deterministic criteria alone can indeed be misleading, even though the probability of an instable solution is small in the model under examiniation.The speed, by which a system returns to the equilibrium position after an initial disturbance, is measured by the half-life-period. This is the time it takes for the effects of the initial disturbance to be reduced to half their original values. In the model under examination the half-line amounts to one year (real solution) or two years (complex solution) respectively. If we take the stochastic nature of the eigenvalues into consideration, we get, for the 95% level of significance, figures of 3 months to 6 years in the real case. The large spread results from the fact that the half-life-concept is very sensitive even towards minor changes in the eigenvalues.This paper shows that the conventional methods of estimation of coefficients in stability-analyses are not sufficiently accurate. 相似文献
134.
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136.
In the business world one of the key drivers to reduce uncertainty is trust. It is based on an empirical study (Kano-analysis, 60% return rate) and identifies relevant factors of a trustful communication in long-term business relationships between organizations. Three types of factors can be identified: Must-be factors are a prerequisite of any relation and have a fundamental character in long-term relationships. The customers expect such factors to be an unquestionable part of any business relation (e.g. honesty). While attractive factors always boost the stability of trust in the relation (e.g. sympathy), one-dimensional factors not only stabilize trust if implemented, but can also deteriorate the relation if ignored (e.g. timeliness). 相似文献
137.
Gerhard Otte 《Journal of Economics》1930,1(4):610-613
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
138.
Gerhard Tutz 《Quality and Quantity》1995,29(4):405-420
Two principle approaches to the modelling of competing risks in discrete time are considered. In the first approach which is based on the separation between failure and cause specific response only the causes of failure are considered as ordered. The second approach which is based on the conditional response given interval [a t-1,ar) is reached allows for an ordering of causes of failureand the category ‘no failure’. The latter approach is shown to be more general. It is shown that the considered competing risks models may be estimated within the framework of generalized linear models. A data set concerning duration of unemployment illustrates the approaches. 相似文献
139.
Much of the international retailing literature echoes major retailers' assertions that inimitable organizational cultures can create competitive advantage. However, the culture concept remains ill-defined and systematic international empirical analysis is lacking. Based on website analyses of nine international retailers, the paper investigates how organizations define their cultures, codify and transfer them into practice, and aim to homogenize them across borders. Although some evidence for organization-specific cultural aspirations is identified, findings suggest that retailers' cultures become homogenized within and between countries. This supports previous work on the existence of industry-specific macro cultures and challenges the resource-based view, which sees culture as a source of competitive advantage. 相似文献
140.
Holger Sch?fer J?rg Schmidt Henning Klodt Gerhard Bosch Hilmar Schneider 《Wirtschaftsdienst》2012,92(6):363-377
The European Employment Strategy is the subject of controversial discussion. It is hard to find an economic justification for transnational responsibility since European labour markets are heterogenous and spillover effects of national employment policies are almost negligible. In its latest communication, the European Commission fails to provide a masterplan for a recovery of the struggling labour markets, although it provides convincing and less convincing proposals for tackling unemployment in EU member states. There is a suspicion that the package mainly serves as a first step towards transferring employment policy responsibilities from the national to the EU level. But the EU labour market policy lacks appropriate instruments and competences. Finally, it is questionable whether the package fits in an economic growth plan. 相似文献