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71.
Mainstream monetary theory considers money only as an instrumentmeant to facilitate trading without having any effect on incomeor on the evolution of the economic system. The aim of thispaper is to elaborate a monetary theory capable of supportingthe thesis of money non-neutrality based on the arguments developedby Keynes and Schumpeter. The synthesis of the theories of thesetwo great economists will be formulated starting from the twopoints which are common in the views of Keynes and Schumpeter.First, in contrast with mainstream theory, Keynes and Schumpeterstate that the diffusion of a fiat money induces a radical modificationinto the way in which the economic system works. Second, whenKeynes and Schumpeter describe the reasons why money and financialaggregates are not neutral, they highlight the fundamental roleof the credit market and of banks; in contrast with the mainstreamtheory, they do not consider the credit market as the mirrorimage of the goods market. 相似文献
72.
Giancarlo Corsetti 《Journal of International Economics》2005,67(1):129-155
This paper builds a baseline two-country model of real and monetary transmission in the presence of optimal international price discrimination by firms. Distributing traded goods to consumers requires nontradables, making the price elasticity of demand country-specific and a function of the exchange rate. Profit-maximizing monopolistic firms drive a wedge between prices across countries, optimally dampening the response of import and consumer prices to exchange-rate movements. We derive general equilibrium expressions for the pass-through into import and consumer prices, tracing the differential impact of real and monetary shocks on marginal cost and markup fluctuations through the exchange rate. 相似文献
73.
Marianna Belloc Giancarlo Gandolfo 《The journal of international trade & economic development》2013,22(2):145-166
The current account?–?interest rate relationship has been extensively investigated, but always assuming that it is linear. In this paper we examine the linearity versus nonlinearity issue with reference to this relationship in 11 OECD countries, and find overwhelming evidence in favour of nonlinearity. After testing alternative nonlinear specifications, we estimate a smooth transition regression model and a nonlinear VAR model. Finally, we provide a study of the innovation response analysis that shows adjustment behaviours of the two variables. The implications of the results are discussed. 相似文献
74.
We propose the setting-up of an indicator for classifying European countries with relation to consumers’ satisfaction for
services of general interest. Services considered are fixed telephone service, electricity supply, railways and postal service.
The reference data set is the 2002 Standard Eurobarometer database (EB58) and it refers to EU members before 2004 enlargement.
The proposed indicator is based on nonlinear principal component analysis and supplies a measure for the citizen’s satisfaction.
Its robustness is verified by a Monte Carlo approach to examine the stability of nonlinear PCA results and to compute Bootstrap
C.I.s of average country scores. The level of satisfaction is eventually used for country comparison and for detecting possible
hotspots, which might be useful when addressing decision making policies. 相似文献
75.
The Provision of Finance to Innovation: A Survey Conducted among Italian Technology-based Small Firms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Financial constraints to the development of innovation are often considered one of the main impediments to high-technology firms seeking to expand and grow. In particular this is the case of small and medium size high-tech firms. In the U.S. and the U.K. a variety of sources of finance are available to the start-ups of innovative firms; in the other European countries, and particularly in Italy, these means are still uncommon so that the development of technology is often prevented. This paper, based on an empirical analysis on a survey of 46 small high-tech Italian firms, aims at exploring the problems experienced by small businesses in gaining access to debt and equity finance. The results highlight that traditional financial sources are inadequate to finance innovative projects. The questioned firms rely mainly on personal finance, and secondly on short term bank debt; they are truly involved in maintaining control over the firm activities and are willing to issue outside equity only if the new investors also provide non financial competencies. Among the 46 interviewed firms, only 10 are willing to be listed in the future on small firms' stock markets. 相似文献
76.
This paper analyzes the trade-off between official liquidity provision and debtor moral hazard in international financial crises. In the model, crises are caused by the interaction of bad fundamentals, self-fulfilling runs and policies by three classes of optimizing agents: international investors, the local government and an international official lender. Limited contingent liquidity support helps to prevent liquidity runs by raising the number of investors willing to lend to the country for any given fundamentals, i.e., it can have catalytic effects. The influence of the official lender is increasing in the size of its interventions and the precision of its information. Unlike the conventional view stressing debtor moral hazard, our model identifies circumstances in which official lending actually strengthens a government's incentive to implement desirable but costly policies. 相似文献
77.
In Italy tax benefits are granted to firms going public. However, does such tax relief really reduce the corporate tax burden? In this study we tackle the issue by considering 21 industrial firms that were listed on the Italian Exchange from 1995 to 1997 and enjoyed a temporary tax rate cut‐off. We find that the increase in the taxable income reported by these firms largely counterbalances the effect of the tax relief. We conclude that a tax rate cut‐off may not necessarily provoke a reduction in the tax burden for newly listed firms, since in the short term they report larger earnings compared with privately‐owned companies. We claim that this ‘induced’ effect is mainly due to: the significant improvement of operating performance in the year of the listing; the reduction of the debt tax shield; an increase in investment and more accounting transparency. Our findings suggest that tax relief for IPO firms does not necessarily mean a loss of revenue for the government. 相似文献
78.
Maurizio Bevilacqua Filippo E. Ciarapica Giancarlo Giacchetta 《Project Management Journal》2008,39(3):110-124
This article describes the application of value stream mapping to analyze and redesign the way of managing the materials procurement stage of a project. A framework based on integrated definition (IDEF) methodology, the stream analysis approach, activity‐based costing, and discrete event simulation is presented. The stream analysis approach is used to analyze, diagnose, and manage process changes represented using an IDEF model. A dynamic simulation is used to evaluate the impact of the changes considered, to support the analysis of the process, and to model the performance of the proposed process. The overall methodology is demonstrated by applying it to a company whose core business is the design and construction of offshore oil rigs. The company specializes in engineering, procurement, and construction projects and has an annual portfolio of about six projects. Many of these projects have common features in terms of design and components, and they are all also characterized by a short “time to delivery.” For this reason, this study was aimed at assessing the possible effects that the application of new materials management policies could have on reducing both project completion time and the resources required. 相似文献
79.
A Short Overview of a Methodology for the Ex-Post Review of Merger Control Decisions 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Paolo Buccirossi Lorenzo Ciari Tomaso Duso Sven-Olof Fridolfsson Giancarlo Spagnolo Cristiana Vitale 《De Economist》2008,156(4):453-475
Summary This paper is based on a study commissioned by the European Commission, in which we proposed a detailed methodological approach
for the ex-post assessment of decisions reached by the European Commission in the field of merger control. The methodology
focuses on how to establish whether the market structure arising from the decision is apt to protect consumer welfare better
than the market structures that could have arisen from alternative decisions. It provides suggestions on how assess the impact
of the decision relative to the possible counterfactuals and discusses the empirical techniques that can be used to perform
this evaluation. 相似文献
80.
Barbara Annicchiarico Giancarlo Marini Alessandro Piergallini 《International Journal of Economic Theory》2009,5(3):315-331
This paper analyzes the dynamic properties of the Taylor rule with the zero lower bound on the nominal interest rate in an optimizing monetary model with overlapping generations à la Yaari–Blanchard–Weil. The main result is that the presence of wealth effects is not sufficient to rule out the possibility of infinite equilibrium paths with decelerating inflation. In particular, in the presence of wealth effects, the occurrence of liquidity traps is not avoided when the central bank implements a Taylor-type interest-rate feedback rule. 相似文献