风险税务筹划决策方法探讨

随着税务筹划理论与实务的研究与发展,风险已经成为人们在税务筹划决策中关注的重要因素之一.对涉及风险的税务筹划,筹划者需要重点解决两大问题:第一,税务筹划风险的度量问题;第二,恰当地选择风险税务筹划决策方法.关于第一个问题,我们曾在《风险税务筹划方案的衡量与选择》(经济与管理研究,2005.9)一文中进行过探讨.本文将集中探讨风险税务筹划决策方法问题,即运用风险型决策方法解决风险税务筹划决策问题.     

Do homeowners achieve more household wealth in the long run?

Despite the public’s faith in homeownership as a vehicle for wealth creation, there are surprisingly few empirical studies of the independent impact of homeownership and its duration on household wealth accumulation. This paper provides the first empirical evidence that homeownership, after controlling for other drivers of wealth accumulation, is positively and significantly associated with wealth accumulation over time. Using the Panel Survey of Income Dynamics, it examines the influence of housing tenure choices between 1989 and 2001 on household net wealth levels in 2001 after controlling for initial wealth in 1989, location, income, education, and other family and personal characteristics that might influence the rate of wealth accumulation. Importantly, the models used also control for the tendency of households to accumulate wealth between 1984 and 1989 (five years prior to the studied period). This approach is used to address the possibility that an unobserved variable—the propensity to save or accumulate wealth—may be associated with both the probability and duration of homeownership and the rate of wealth accumulation. All else equal, those who owned homes and owned for longer periods of time had significantly higher household net wealth by 2001. These results are compelling because house price appreciation over the period was near its long-run average while stock gains were above and real rent increases below their long-run averages. Hence, the findings are suggestive of a positive influence of ownership over long periods on net wealth, even during a period when alternative investments produced higher than normal returns and rents grew slowly. This is especially important because the overwhelmingly majority of households do not sell their homes shortly after buying them. In our sample, those who became owners typically owned for 7 years. Furthermore, most households that bought during a period of declining real home values in the early 1990s continued to own their homes for at least eight years and came out well ahead of those who did not own.     

功能点分析方法在建筑工程监督巡查项目开发中的应用

软件项目的度量是软件项目管理的一个重要问题。为在度量中取得合理、有效的结果,研究了功能点分析法在软件项目管理中的应用。首先介绍了功能点分析法的原理,然后结合一个具体的项目——建筑工程监督巡查系统,详细阐述了功能点分析法的运用过程。实践表明,取得了很好的效果。     

基于Matlab的神经网络预测模型研究

本文针对物流系统多种因素相关的非线性特点，建立了人工神经网络模型并对物流系统历史数据进行拟合，抽取和逼近负荷曲线进行物流预测。它的优点在于它具有模拟多变量而不需要对输入变量做复杂的相关假定。不要求知道输入输出变量间的函数关系，只需通过对输入输出数据的训练，获得输入输出之间的映射关系，来进行负荷预测。该预测模型在Matlab软件平台上进行了仿真，结果反映了该预测模型的有效性和实用性。     

论政策执行中的人力资源管理

公共政策执行中的人力资源管理指的是在公共政策践行中建立健全人力资源的选拔、培训、激励、监督等运行机制,激励和挖掘人才潜能,使人力资源在公共政策执行中得到有效开发、合理利用和优化配置。目前我国公共政策执行中人力资源管理存在着管理体制僵化,人治现象严重,用人中的不正之风犹存,人才结构失衡等问题。因此,在人力资源管理中,应树立以人为本管理理念,建立学习型组织,创立良好的用人环境,加强人力资源开发与培训,建立健全激励机制。     

拓宽专业口径,优化课程体系,培养新世纪合格人才

在实施科教兴国战略的过程中 ,作为知识创新、传播与应用和培养创新精神和创新人才摇篮的高等学校 ,面对新世纪对人才的需求 ,拓宽专业口径 ,改革人才培养模式 ,探索宽口径专业下培养适应社会需求的高质量人才 ,全面推进素质教育 ,增强学生未来工作的适应性是摆在高等学校面前的重要课题     

Drivers and implications of entrepreneurial orientation for academic spin-offs

International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal - This paper has been designed with a dual goal. On the one hand, the paper aims to examine the role of management teams, industry agents, and...     

Challenges in approximating the Black and Scholes call formula with hyperbolic tangents

Decisions in Economics and Finance - In this paper, we introduce the concept of standardized call function and we obtain a new approximating formula for the Black and Scholes call function through...     

物业服务企业员工培训工作的改进方法

物业企业具有劳动人员密集、员工学历普遍不高、重复性工作较多等特点,物业企业的日常培训需发挥培训对业务发展和经营管理的支撑作用,坚持问题导向,建立日趋完善的培训内容体系,制定有针对性的培训方案,不断丰富方法手段,贴近业务与一线。培训要紧扣企业发展目标,要以服务企业发展、提升员工素质为目标,满足企业与员工的培训需求,为企业可持续发展提供人才支撑。     

Killing off cohorts: Forecasting mortality of non-extinct cohorts with the penalized composite link model

Mortality forecasting has crucial implications for insurance and pension policies. A large amount of literature has proposed models to forecast mortality using cross-sectional (period) data instead of longitudinal (cohort) data. As a consequence, decisions are generally based on period life tables and summary measures such as period life expectancy, which reflect hypothetical mortality rather than the mortality actually experienced by a cohort. This study introduces a novel method to forecast cohort mortality and the cohort life expectancy of non-extinct cohorts. The intent is to complete the mortality profile of cohorts born up to 1960. The proposed method is based on the penalized composite link model for ungrouping data. The performance of the method is investigated using cohort mortality data retrieved from the Human Mortality Database for England & Wales, Sweden, and Switzerland for male and female populations.