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91.
In this paper, we give a sufficient and almost necessary condition for the existence of optimal strategies in linear multisector models when time is continuous. 相似文献
92.
This paper considers the combination of pollution taxes and abatement subsidies when some polluting firms procure their abatement
goods and services from an oligopolistic eco-industry. The regulator must here cope with two simultaneous price distortions:
one that comes from pollution and the other which is caused by the eco-industry’s market power. In this context, we show that
taxing emissions while subsidizing polluters’ abatement efforts cannot lead to first-best, but the opposite occurs provided
it is the eco-industry’s output which is subsidized. When public transfers also create distortions, welfare can be higher
if the regulator uses only an emission tax, but subsidizing abatement suppliers while taxing emissions remains optimal when
the eco-industry is concentrated. 相似文献
93.
94.
Vivek K. Velamuri Anne-Katrin Neyer Kathrin M. Möslein 《Journal für Betriebswirtschaft》2011,61(1):3-35
This systematic review analyses literature on the work of hybrid value creation, i.e. the process of generating additional value by innovatively combining products (tangible component) and services (intangible component). A state of the art report on hybrid value creation is delivered by first systematically identifying and then analyzing 169 publications focusing on hybrid value creation. The identified publications are clustered into eight categories based on their links and interactions and thus a mapping of this evolving field is suggested. A discussion and reflection of the findings with respect to the pervasiveness of literature and the research methodologies used is provided. The paper concludes by identifying some dominant strategic gaps in the overall research landscape and provides directions for future research. 相似文献
95.
96.
Ansgar Steland 《Metrika》2004,60(3):229-249
Motivated in part by applications in model selection in statistical genetics and sequential monitoring of financial data, we study an empirical process framework for a class of stopping rules which rely on kernel-weighted averages of past data. We are interested in the asymptotic distribution for time series data and an analysis of the joint influence of the smoothing policy and the alternative defining the deviation from the null model (in-control state). We employ a certain type of local alternative which provides meaningful insights. Our results hold true for short memory processes which satisfy a weak mixing condition. By relying on an empirical process framework we obtain both asymptotic laws for the classical fixed sample design and the sequential monitoring design. As a by-product we establish the asymptotic distribution of the Nadaraya-Watson kernel smoother when the regressors do not get dense as the sample size increases.Acknowledgements The author is grateful to two anonymous referees for their constructive comments, which improved the paper. One referee draws my attention to Lifshits paper. The financial support of the Collaborative Research Centre Reduction of Complexity in Multivariate Data Structures (SFB 475) of the German Research Foundation (DFG) is greatly acknowledged. 相似文献
97.
98.
In this article we measure the effects of events on risk and return and analyze the persistence of the influencing variables
on German energy companies. Therefore, we refer to event-study methods by means of the Capital Asset Pricing Model, GARCH-Modeling
and Kalman filters. We find that the discussed events do not affect all companies in an equal manner. Moreover, we show that
the impact on risk and returns is not persistent and does not lead to an increase in the overall systematic risk for the considered
utility operators in Germany. 相似文献
99.
The Impact of an increasing share of RES-E on the Conventional Power Market — The Example of Germany
The intermittency of wind power has a decreasing effect on day-ahead spot prices. Data from Germany illustrate this effect
and explain the underlying relationships. This short-term price effect leads to an adaptation process in the conventional
generation capacity mix. In the long-run, a higher peak load plant share is required to cope with the increasing volatility
of the residual demand. The result is an adapted merit-order. This merit-order intersects with an increasingly volatile residual
demand curve and leads to a higher price volatility in the power market, which is going to trigger further adaptations. Therefore
this article concludes with a list of open research questions, which can be derived from the illustrated relationship. These
research questions should be investigated as soon as possible in order to induce the required adaptations in time. 相似文献
100.
Mark Andor 《能源经济杂志》2009,33(3):195-204
The setting of the individual X-factor is a core element of every incentive regulation system. The problem faced by the regulator is the choice among a wide variety of methods for setting the individual efficiency objectives. So far no single method could achieve acceptance as best-practice in both scientific research and regulatory practice. The German incentive regulation, which started in January 2009, uses the so called “Best-of-Four Method” to define individual X-factors. The regulator, the Bundesnetzagentur, announced an in-depth evaluation of this method, because it potentially leads to an unacceptable downward bias in setting the individual efficiency objectives. This article illustrates the problems of the Best-of-Four Method and offers alternatives. The author additionally develops a new approach which is based on a multi-stage process, using economical and engineering methods. Finally all alternatives are compared according to various criteria.It can be shown that the complementary usage of Data Envelopment Analysis and Stochastic Frontier Analysis is a reasonable approach to efficiency analysis. But this raises the question how to transform the resulting efficiency scores into individual X-factors. The Best-of-Four Approach is not appropriate because it distorts the X-factors, offers possibilities for strategic behaviour and cannot guarantee comparability of the efficiency objectives. Comparing alternatives shows that no approach clearly dominates all others taking into account all considered criteria. The multi-stage approach offers a possibility of transforming a “Nordic Walking” into an ambitious fitness program while also setting appropriate and comparable individual X-factors. 相似文献