Will industrial districts exploit B2B? A local experience and a general assessment

NETNOMICS: Economic Research and Electronic Networking - When production is carried out by many geographically clustered small firms specialised in particular production phases that subcontract one...     

Standards Migration and Peripheral Competition

The impact of competition from peripheral firms on the standards migration efforts by integrated systems firms with de facto standards control is investigated. When systems firms try to migrate their customers to a new standard, they can lose some control over their installed base because they are constrained in their product offerings. Peripherals firms do not face such constraints. Their product offerings allow the emergence of hybrid systems which systems firms are unwilling to match. Improved peripherals from independent firms make these hybrid systems possible. Such hybrid systems lengthen the economic life of the products that make up the existing standard. Historical and empirical evidence from the mainframe computer industry in the 1960s and 1970s illustrates the competition from peripheral firms and their impact on IBM's standards migration efforts. IBM pursued the establishment of a new de facto standard, while independent disk drive manufacturers supplied peripherals that enabled hybrid systems. For the computer mainframe industry, it was shown that those hybrid systems increased the economic life of IBM's older computers, although IBM was able to migrate its customers to the new standard in this case.     

Nuova dimostrazione di un teorema su un principio di calcolo del premio

E'notissimo che se il premio svizzero è traslativo la funzione di utilitá è lineare oppure esponenziale [1]. Le numerose dimostrazioni proposte prescindono dalle proprietà di siffatto premio, che qui sono poste in luce.

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Summary It is well known that if the Swiss premium calculation principle is translation invariant the utility function is linear or exponential. The purpose of this brief note is to give a simple proof of the above theorem considering the premium as an associative mean.

     

Pareto optimality of non-cooperative equilibrium in a time-dependent multi-period game

This paper deals with the conditions under which cooperation could be advantageous to the various players in a linear-quadratic dynamic game. The conclusions, which are arrived at by comparing the non-cooperative Nash equilibrium with the set of Pareto optimal strategies, point to the presence of strong incentives for cooperation. The analysis is applicable to problems of interdependent decision-making in international or interregional economics, thereby stressing the importance of suitable coordination schemes.     

Investment in Tourism Market: A Dynamic Model of Differentiated Oligopoly

We present a theoretical dynamic model in tourism economics, assuming that the market for tourism is an oligopoly with differentiated products. Destinations can invest in order to improve their stock of physical, natural or cultural resources. Tourism flows yield current revenues, but they are usually detrimental for the stock of resources. We find the solution of the dynamic model, and in particular we find the open-loop Nash equilibrium of the game among destinations, under alternative settings, depending on whether the degree of differentiation among destinations is exogenous or endogenous. In particular, under the latter case, an increase of the number of destinations leads to a higher degree of product differentiation in steady state.     

On the functional equation

The paper concerns with the functional equation $$\varphi (x,y,z) = \varphi (\varphi (x,y,t),t,z)$$ where ?:?₊×?₊×?₊→?₊. This equation has been formulated by Cantelli [1] to investigate general forms of financial laws other than the classic linear and exponential ones. Subsequently some Authors [2,3,4,5,6] have studied the above equation under weaker and weaker assumptions. In the present paper we solve the equation without any assumption of regularity.     

How do small businesses pursue sustainability? The role of collective agency for integrating planned and emergent strategy making

Research on sustainability strategy in large corporations has shown that carefully planned strategies can address environmental and social concerns. However, we still lack clarity on how small businesses form sustainability strategies. Assuming that small businesses can—or should—carefully plan strategies is inappropriate considering that such organizations often lack the needed resources, foresight, and formalized decision-making structures. Building on the study of two craft breweries in Canada and Germany, we detail how a combination of planned and emergent actions enables owners, employees, and external stakeholders to jointly form strategic sustainability orientation. Developing these findings into an integrated activity-based model, we show the need to move beyond the dichotomy between planned and emergent strategizing. We contribute a human-centered perspective to the sustainability strategy literature and suggest that research should take the role of people in small businesses more seriously as here interpersonal relationships and collective agency are central in forming strategic sustainability orientation.