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11.
Recent research has cast serious doubts on the explanatory power of staggered wage/price setting to account for both output and inflation persistence following money shocks. This paper extends a dynamic general equilibrium model with wage staggering by incorporating relative wage concern on the part of workers. In sharp contrast to previous analyses, in this model both output and inflation dynamics exhibit substantial persistence. Moreover, persistence results hold for a wide range of parameterisations. Our results suggest that relative wage concern may be the missing piece in the money shock persistence puzzle. 相似文献
12.
In the “perpetual youth” overlapping-generations model of Blanchard and Yaari, if leisure is a “normal” good then some agents will have negative labor supply. We suggest a solution to this problem by using a modified version of Greenwood, Hercowitz and Huffman’s utility function. The modification incorporates real money balances, so that the model may be used to analyze monetary as well as fiscal policy. In a Walrasian version of the economy, we show that increased government debt and increased government spending raise the interest rate and lower output, while an open-market operation to increase the money supply lowers the interest rate and raises output. 相似文献
13.
We provide a refoundation of the symmetric growth equilibrium characterizing the research sector of vertical R&D-driven growth models. We argue that the usual assumptions made in this class of models leave the agents indifferent as to where targeting research: hence, the problem of the allocation of R&D investment across sectors is indeterminate. By introducing an “?-contamination of confidence” in the expected distribution of R&D investment, we prove that the symmetric structure of R&D investment is the unique rational expectations equilibrium compatible with ambiguity-averse agents adopting a maxmin strategy. 相似文献
14.
Using harmonized household survey data, we analyze long‐run social mobility in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany, and test recent theories of multigenerational persistence of socioeconomic status. In this country comparison setting, we find evidence against a universal law of social mobility. Our results show that the long‐run persistence of socioeconomic status and the validity of a first‐order Markov chain in the intergenerational transmission of human capital is country‐specific. Furthermore, we find that the direct and independent effect of grandparents' social status on grandchildren's status tends to vary by gender and institutional context. 相似文献
15.
Guido Fioretti 《Metroeconomica》2009,60(2):283-301
Evidence Theory is a branch of the mathematics of uncertain reasoning that entails profound epistemological differences with respect to Probability Theory. In fact, its paradigmatic situation is the judge who must evaluate testimonies, rather than the gambler who must evaluates odds. Unlike a gambler, who faces a definite set of possibilities, a judge maybe forced to change her evaluation because of novel possibilities suggested by unexpected testimonies. In this sense, Evidence Theory provides a formalization of some among Shackles intuitions. While the details of the connections between Shackle's theory and Evidence Theory have been explored elsewhere, this article is devoted to a detailed explanation of the working of Evidence Theory. An example is discussed in detail and several domains of application are briefly sketched. 相似文献
16.
Guido Consonni 《Decisions in Economics and Finance》1981,4(2):89-102
Seguendo l'impostazione predittiva delineata da J. Aitchison e I. R. Dunsmore (1975) viene proposto un modello non-parametrico di analisi discriminatoria dal punto di vista bayesiano.Si ricorre a tal fine ad una versione modificata dello schema di scambiabilità parziale e si utilizza il processo «mistura di prodotti di processi di Dirichlet» introdotto da D. M. Cifarelli ed. E. Regazzini (1978). Si presenta infine un'applicazione del modello ad un tipico problema di diagnosi medica.
Versione definitiva pervenuta il 24-9-81
Lavoro eseguito nell'ambito del GNAFA-CNR. L'argomento di questo lavoro mi è stato suggerito dal professor Eugenio Regazzini. A quest'ultimo ed al prof. Donato Michele Cifarelli sono grato per avermi segnalato alcune oscurità nel testo originario. 相似文献
J. Aitchison and I. R. Dunsmore (1975) have stressed the importance of the predictive distribution for the solution of classical statistical problems. Following this approach we show initially how a modified version of the model of partial exchangeability can be usefully applied to derive the so called diagnostic distribution. Subsequently a nonparametric model of discriminatory analysis is derived, wherein a crucial role is played by a particular process named «mixture of products of Dirichlet processes» introduced by D. M. Cifarelli and E. Regazzini (1978) following a paper by C. E. Antoniak (1974) which in turn generalized the well known Dirichlet process developed by T. S. Ferguson (1973). Finally a numerical application to a medical problem is provided.
Versione definitiva pervenuta il 24-9-81
Lavoro eseguito nell'ambito del GNAFA-CNR. L'argomento di questo lavoro mi è stato suggerito dal professor Eugenio Regazzini. A quest'ultimo ed al prof. Donato Michele Cifarelli sono grato per avermi segnalato alcune oscurità nel testo originario. 相似文献
17.
An input–output (IO) system which is capable of producing any semi-positive net product by an adequate choice of the activity levels of its processes satisfies the ‘adjustment’ property. We analyze under which conditions the adjustment property holds for IO systems in which some produced goods have a purely intermediate character. The peculiarity of these pure capital goods is that final demand for them is identically zero. One of the ways to deal with this type of system is to eliminate the pure capital goods, by means of vertical integration. 相似文献
18.
A bstract One of the great achievements of economic science is the explanation of the benefits of the division of labour in market economies. However, despite its merits this utilitarian explanation is insufficient as an account for the widespread division of labour. This insufficiency stems from the normative shortcomings of the harmony-of-interests doctrine, which cannot justify the respect of private-property titles and. therefore, cannot explain on purely utilitarian grounds the fact that the division of labour is as widespread as it in fact is. Mariam Thalos has recently provided a partial solution to this problem by arguing that religious relief in God performs a public function that facilitates human co-operation. In critical elaboration of her thesis, the division of labour is explained by taking into account a different aspect of human reason, namely, discursive rationality. 相似文献
19.
We provide the first joint evidence on the relationship between individuals' cognitive abilities, their personality and earnings for Germany. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study, we employ scores from an ultra-short IQ-test and a set of measures of personality traits, namely locus of control, reciprocity and all basic items from the Five Factor Personality Inventory. Our estimates suggest a positive effect of so-called fluid intelligence or speed of cognition on males' wages only. Findings for personality traits are more heterogeneous. However, there is a robust wage penalty for an external locus of control for both men and women. 相似文献
20.
Marshallian labour market pooling: Evidence from Italy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Monica Andini Guido de Blasio Gilles Duranton William C. Strange 《Regional Science and Urban Economics》2013,43(6):1008-1022
This paper employs a unique Italian data source to take a comprehensive approach to labour market pooling. It jointly considers many different aspects of the agglomeration — labour market relationship, including turnover, learning, matching, and hold up. It also considers labour market pooling from the perspective of both workers and firms and across a range of industries. Overall, the paper finds some support for theories of labour market pooling, but the support is weak. Specifically, there is a general positive relationship of turnover to local population density, which is consistent with theories of agglomeration and uncertainty. There is also evidence of on-the-job learning that is consistent with theories of labour pooling, labour poaching, and hold up. In addition, the paper provides evidence consistent with agglomeration improving job matches. However, the labour market pooling gains that we measure are small in magnitude and seem unlikely to account for a substantial share of the agglomeration benefits accruing to Italian workers and firms. 相似文献