对象I/O技术的模拟实现

C++对象是存活于内存中的,但是由于RAM的易失性,需要将存活于内存中的对象,通过I/O技术及时地交换到外存中,以保证对象的持久存在(对象I/O技术也称为对象的持久化,即Persistence),所以对象I/O技术也成了C++中的一个重要操作。对象I/O技术的实现需要为对象增加一些额外的运行时信息,即RTTI,技术上的复杂性增加了开发人员所理解对象I/O的难度。本文通过对一个对象I/O技术的模拟实现,深入探讨了对象I/O技术的实现机制。     

低碳视角下多式联运经济性能实例分析--以郑明物流为例

为了进一步研究铁路运输与其他运输方式开展多式联运的经济性能,在阐述多种运输方式性能差异的基础上,以郑明物流为例,通过分析其特定运输路线现有运输方式的能源消耗、碳排放量和运输过路费等指标,提出在不同月份和不同时期的多式联运优化方案,为物流企业开展多式联运提供借鉴。     

京津冀城市大气环境竞争力评价

从大气环境与城市竞争力的关联性入手,将大气环境风险、现状和治理纳入评价指标体系,基于组合权重的大气环境竞争力评价模型,对2013-2017年京津冀13个城市的大气环境竞争力水平进行了测评,并结合空间自相关分析和障碍度模型揭示了其空间效应及障碍因素。结果显示:京津冀城市大气环境竞争力存在明显的空间差异,呈北部高、南部低、局部跳跃格局,城市差距逐渐缩小;京津冀城市大气环境竞争力呈显著的空间集聚效应且存在正向相关性,空间分布格局相对稳定。     

Financial analyst coverage for U.S. firms facing foreign competition: Evidence from trade liberalization

This study examines financial analyst coverage for U.S. firms following an increase in foreign product market competition. To capture exogenous shocks to domestic firms' competitive environments, we exploit a quasi‐natural experiment from large import tariff reductions over the 1984 to 2005 period in the manufacturing sector. Using data for the years before and after large tariff reductions, our difference‐in‐differences analysis shows evidence of a significant decrease in analyst coverage for incumbent U.S. firms when they face greater entry threat from foreign competitors. We also find that analysts with less firm‐specific experience and less accurate prior‐period forecasts are more likely to stop following the domestic firm when foreign competition intensifies. Overall, the findings suggest that foreign product market competition from global trade liberalization is an important determinant of financial analysts' coverage decisions.     

深化供给侧结构性改革 推动经济高质量发展

.深化供给侧结构性改革、推动经济高质量发展,是以习近平同志为核心的党中央深刻洞察国内国际形势变化,科学把握经济发展规律,作出的具有开创性、全局性、长远性的重大决策部署,必须深刻领会、全面落实。一、深入理解深化供给侧结构性改革、推动经济高质量发展的内涵要义深化供给侧结构性改革、推深化供给侧结构性改革、推动经济高质量发展,是党的十八大以来习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想特别是经济思想的重要理论创新成果,其理论内涵、核心要义、政策举措、重点任务既是一脉相承的,也是一个渐进深化、不断拓展的思想体系。     

多传感器长途客车智能新风系统设计研究

本研究设计了一种结合二氧化碳传感器、PM2.5粉尘传感器、TVOC传感器来实现智能更新长途客车封闭空间内污浊空气的长途客车车载新风系统。本系统由各项传感器实时采集车厢内CO2、PM2.5、TVOC等数据上传至单片机,单片机判断各项数据是否超过设定阈值,若超过设定阈值,新风系统自动工作改变进、排风量;反之,新风系统不工作,实现智能控制。实验证明,本系统具有明显地改善长途客车内空气质量的效果,能够更好地保护人体健康。     

Informal Property Rights as Relational and Functional: Unravelling the Relational Contract in China's Informal Housing Market

In the face of state-led land grabs, enterprising Chinese peasants have started a revolution in the ambiguous and insecure rural tenure system by developing an extralegal property system known as the small property right (SPR). Using the SPR, peasants are able to capitalize on their property through the sale of houses built on collectively owned land. Little is known, however, about the specific process behind the development of the SPR by the peasants, or how this extralegal property system functions in terms of securing the use and transfer of property without the backing of law. This article aims to clarify the situation through the lenses of the Endogenous Nature of Institutions and Relational Contract Theory, aiming to understand the socially constructed, endogenous and relational nature of the property rights that make SPR functional. Based on an ethnographic investigation of Beijing's largest SPR housing settlement, we show how enterprising peasants develop long-term relational contracts with urban households for the provision of housing services, secured on the basis of the common interests and symbiosis of the two parties and a reputation system that serves to deter defaults. The discretionary treatment of SPR housing by local states serves as a further motivation for the village and the informal homeowners to preserve a stable property arrangement, with such a specific institutional setting being an exemplar of China's pragmatic state entrepreneurialism.     

Leader Emergence in Nascent Venture Teams: The Critical Roles of Individual Emotion Regulation and Team Emotions

This study advances a theory of how different aspects of emotion regulation influence individual leader emergence in the intensely emotional context of nascent venture teams. Despite the growing amount of research on the role of leadership in the entrepreneurial process, the emergence of leaders in nascent venture teams has rarely been explored. Drawing on theories and research on leadership emergence and emotion regulation, we argue that the two aspects of emotion regulation (i.e., reappraisal and suppression) exert opposite effects on the degree to which nascent venture team members come to perceive an individual as a leader. We also theorize that team emotions arising from affective events moderate the relationship between reappraisal and leader emergence in such teams. Data from 103 nascent venture teams without prior leaders show a negative relationship between individuals’ trait disposition to suppress emotions and their emergence as leaders, and a positive relationship between their trait disposition to reappraise emotions and their emergence as leaders. Moreover, we find that negative team emotions magnify the positive association between reappraisal and leader emergence, while positive team emotions mitigate it. We discuss the implications of our findings for the literature on entrepreneurial leadership, entrepreneurial emotions, and leadership in general.     

资本流动性:基于中国及其他亚洲新兴国家的比较分析

衡量发展中国家资本流动性的方法有总量规模法、储蓄—投资相关法、Edwards模型以及货币自主性检验法等四种方法。本文主要运用前三种方法测度了中国改革开放以来资本的流动性,并用前两种方法比较了中国和其他亚洲新兴国家资本流动性的差异。实证结果表明,所有亚洲新兴国家金融市场处于一种开放状态,并且在所有亚洲新兴国家中,中国的资本流动性是最低的。通过运用Kalman滤波技术对中国的资本流动性进行动态分析,并没有发现1997年亚洲金融危机后中国采取更加严格的资本管制对资本流动性产生影响的证据。实证研究发现,在1997年亚洲金融危机爆发前,中国的资本流动性远低于其他亚洲新兴国家。对于发展中国家资本市场的开放来说,采取渐进式改革而不是激进式改革可能更为明智、更加合理。     

收入分配行为与社会公平原则

当前,学术界正对收入分配问题进行讨论,中心议题是关于收入分配的原则。特别是在理解“更加注重社会公平”的意义时,引发了关于“效率优先,兼顾公平”是否可以作为收入分配原则的讨论。本文对收入分配等问题进行深入研究。