De Russische spoorwegen

Voor deze schets zijn gebruikt: Statistique des chemins de fer Russes 1869 par J. Hovyn de Tranchère. Verschillende Jaargangen van de Zeitung des Vereins Deutscher Eisenbahn-Verwaltungen. Moniteur des IntérÊts Matériels. Het Bijblad van het Amsterdamsch Effectenblad. Recueil Consulaire de la Belgique 1870. Verslagen van de Nederlandsche Consuls. Preussisches Handelsarchiv 1870. Annales du Commerce extérieur de la France 1869.     

Can entrepreneurial firms benefit from product piracy?

We examine the potential benefits of product piracy to entrepreneurial firms. Specifically, we use a resource-based perspective to show that a decrease in the inimitability of an entrepreneurial firm's intellectual property does not necessarily diminish performance when piracy increases the value of this resource, and an information economics perspective to explain why and when imitation can increase the value of an intellectual property resource. This explanation reconciles empirical studies that indicate mixed results. It also expands the resource-based view by suggesting that reducing the value of one resource can directly increase the value of another.     

DEVELOPING A CONSTITUTION FOR A LIBERAL EUROPEAN UNION

In many ways the EU Reform Treaty represents an advance over the status quo: it streamlines decision-making and makes institutions more accountable. However, the Treaty ignores opportunities for important institutional reforms and is unlikely to provide strong constraints on institutional power or halt centralisation.     

The expected industrial production volume estimated with the help of data from the business-cycle test

Summary Expectations play a crucial role in economics. The testing of hypotheses about the formation of expectations is hampered by the lack of data. In this article we try to measure expectations in an independent way, using data from the Business Cycle Test. The data refer to the output of the Dutch manufacturing industry. The results indicate that both error-correcting and extrapolative mechanisms are relevant in the process of expectation formation.The author is indebted to Professors Paelinck and Siddré for their helpful comments; they are, of course, in no way responsible for any remaining errors. Thanks are also due to two anonymous referees for their critical remarks. Mrs. Elderson-De Boer translated the original Dutch draft into English.