Einzelbesprechungen

Ohne ZusammenfassungAus dem Italienischen übersetzt von Dr. R. MeyerAus dem Italienischen übersetzt von Dr. R. Meyer, WienAus dem Englischen übersetzt von Alexander Gerschenkron, WienAus dem Russischen übersetzt von Dr. Alexander Gerschenkron, Wien     

Competition policy in the EEC

Article 2 of the Treaty of Rome describes the task of the European Community as to encourage stability and growth “by establishing a Common Market and by progressively approximating the economic policies of Member States”.     

Environmental policy and development

This study promotes the understanding of the link between development, environment and international economic relations. It suggests that the growth effects of environmental management may tend to serve as an equalizer, helping to redress the imbalance in real income levels between developed and developing economies.     

Efforts to fill the information gap

Businessmen all over Europe as well as in North America and in other countries have to be Increasingly concerned with international taxation. Therefore the International Bureau of Fiscal Documentation is gaining In importance.     

Einzelbesprechungen

Ohne ZusammenfassungAus dem Italienischen übersetzt von Alexander Gerschenkron, Wien     

Sustainability and the False Sense of Legitimacy: How Institutional Distance Augments Risk in Global Supply Chains

Supply chain scholars have begun to recognize the institutional influences on supply chains, yet scarce attention has been directed toward the fact that global supply chains often comprise different institutions. This omission represents a severe shortcoming because the understanding of what constitutes legitimate behavior may vary substantially between contexts. This conceptual study employs the institutional distance concept to the case of supply chain sustainability risks. It focuses initially on paradoxical situations in which both the buyer and the supplier fully comply with stakeholder expectations within their own legitimacy contexts, yet the buyer's stakeholders still withdraw legitimacy from and harm the buyer. The study analyzes the causal microfoundations of how and why such paradoxical risks manifest, drawing on stakeholder theory and institutional theory. The analysis shows that accounting for the differing legitimacy contexts is necessary for explaining these risks, thereby substantiating our initial claim that institutional distance matters to global supply chains. The study yields important implications for corporate practice in that it highlights an inherent trade‐off in many global supply chains.     

Liberalisierter Strommarkt: Naht das Ende?

Zusammenfassung  Der Elektrizit?tsbinnenmarkt der EU wurde Ende 1996 eingeleitet, um mehr Versorgungssicherheit, Effizienz und Wettbewerb zu erreichen. Dabei entscheiden private Investoren über Ort, Zeitpunkt und Art der neu zu errichtenden Kraftwerke. Sind die Rahmenbedingungen richtig gesetzt, um eine ?kologisch und ?konomisch sinnvolle Aufteilung der Kraftwerke zu erhalten? Oder ist eine integrierte Energie- und Klimastrategie erforderlich? Dr. Sven Bode, 34, ist Head of Research am arrhenius Institut für Energie- und Klimapolitik in Hamburg; Dr. Helmuth-M. Groscurth, 47, ist dort Gesch?ftsführer.     

Individual choice or collective action? Exploring consumer motives for participating in alternative food networks

Alternative food networks (AFNs) are growing in number and relevance in Germany. Those networks include new models of production and distribution, such as food cooperatives (FoodCoops), self‐harvest gardens or community‐supported agriculture (CSA) schemes. AFNs, as an alternative to conventional food supply systems, are characterized by a close producer‐consumer interaction. They are typically located within urban or peri‐urban areas. The study aims to identify the rationale and motivation of urban residents in participating in AFNs and developing a consumer typology. We also assess whether AFNs potentially lead to collective action with societal impact. Therefore, we conducted a qualitative content analysis based on 18 interviews with members of existing AFN projects in three German metropolitan regions. Our results revealed that the willingness of urban consumers to participate in AFNs is driven by a broad range of motives. They include personal desire for high‐quality food (in terms of taste or freshness) and health reasons, but also political or environmental motives (opposition to conventional agriculture or short transport distances). Furthermore, consumers often want to support a certain farmer and his/her philosophy or they appreciate the community‐building aspect. Three different consumer types were derived from the motive combinations. Many consumers communicated a sense of belonging to a societal movement, however, our study revealed a lack of organization and collective action. Although AFNs can influence the consumption patterns of individuals, their potential to induce social change and to challenge traditional models of consumption in the near future does not appear to be high.     

Die LOHAS im Kontext der Sinus-Milieus

Aktuelle Diskussionen im Kontext des nachhaltigen Konsums sind ohne den LOHAS (Lifestyle of Health and Sustainability) als neuartige Zielgruppe kaum noch denkbar. Auch wenn der LOHAS die zentralen Anforderungen an das Lebensstilkonzept erfüllt, so lassen sich die abgeleiteten Implikationen nur schwierig in ein operativ erfolgreiches Nachhaltigkeitsmarketing übertragen. Die Verortung des LOHAS innerhalb der Sinus-Milieus kann die Unsch?rfe dieses Ansatzes reduzieren und so zus?tzlich Informationen für das Marketing bereitstellen.