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111.
In manufacturing industries, product inspection is automated and the use of image data is increasingly being employed for defect detection. A manufacturing company in Japan produces an item and inspects the produced products using image data. Reducing the error rate is important in product inspection because poor inspection of products might lead to the delivery of defective products to consumers (consumer’s risk) and strict inspection increases production cost (producer’s risk). To reduce the error rate, we highlighted fault points using a two-dimensional moving range filter and discriminated defect production through a unanimous vote among Mahalanobis classifiers for each color component. For results, we achieved a lower error rate than the current system. This research is an empirical study of how to use image data in defect detection. 相似文献
112.
Motoi Iwashita Ken Nishimatsu Takeshi Kurosawa Shinsuke Shimogawa 《The Review of Socionetwork Strategies》2010,4(1):17-28
An increase of broadband demand is forecasted by transitional methods that consider the effect of this increase through many
factors, such as customer requirement diversification, and new service introduction and deployment under competition. Broadband
demand forecasting has become important for closing the digital divide, promoting regional developments, and constructing
networks economically; therefore, a demand forecast model that considers the mechanisms of market structure is necessary.
In this paper, a demand analysis method for broadband access combining macro- and micro-data mining is proposed, and the service
choice behaviour of customers is introduced as a customer model not only to express the macro trend of market structure, but
also to consider area marketing. The proposed method can estimate the potential demand, determine the point at which broadband
demand growth peaks in a specified area, and support a decision for ultra high-speed broadband access facility installation. 相似文献
113.
Specialized advertising media and product market competition 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
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Candace C. Nelson William Shaw Michelle Robertson 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2016,28(4):209-223
There is a broad literature linking social support to health, which includes evidence that social support from supervisors is positively associated with worker health. In addition, once workers experience a health concern, supervisors may play a key role in supporting workers, keeping them on the job despite health issues. However, there are few studies that investigate the day-to-day strategies supervisors utilize to support their workers and help them stay on the job despite health concerns. The study presented in this paper addresses this gap. Thirty-two supervisors from three companies were interviewed about their experiences supporting and accommodating skilled workers during flare-ups of a health condition. A grounded theory approach was used to analyze the text data and identify themes. Three key themes emerged from the data: 1) workplace policies provide the structure for mutual problem solving; 2) communication skills and existing relationships increase supervisor effectiveness; and 3) strategies were aimed at individual, interpersonal, and institutional supports. Supervisors regularly interact with workers to support and accommodate episodes of illness or pain. While supervisors employ novel and effective strategies, there is an opportunity to improve the range of strategies, better understand and utilize company policies, and facilitate appropriate communication about worker health concerns. 相似文献
116.
Testing measurement invariance using multigroup CFA: differences between educational groups in human values measurement 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Holger Steinmetz Peter Schmidt Andrea Tina-Booh Siegrid Wieczorek Shalom H. Schwartz 《Quality and Quantity》2009,43(4):599-616
This article applies the testing procedures for measurement invariance using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA).
It illustrates these procedures by investigating the factorial structure and invariance of the Portraits Value Questionnaire
(PVQ, Schwartz et al.: J. Cross Cult. Psychol. 32(5), 519–542 (2001)) across three education groups in a population sample (N = 1,677). The PVQ measures 10 basic values that Schwartz postulates to comprehensively describe the human values recognized
in all societies (achievement, hedonism, self-direction, benevolence, conformity, security, stimulation, power, tradition
and universalism). We also estimate and compare the latent means of the three education groups. The analyses show partial
invariance for most of the 10 values and parameters. As expected, the latent means show that less educated respondents attribute
more importance to security, tradition, and conformity values. 相似文献
117.
We estimate the economic value of mortality risk in China using the compensating-wage-differential method. We find a positive
and statistically significant correlation between wages and occupational fatality risk. The estimated effect is largest for
unskilled workers. Unemployment reduces compensation for risk, which suggests that some of the assumptions under which compensating
wage differentials can be interpreted as measures of workers’ preferences for risk and income are invalid when unemployment
is high. Workers may be unwilling to quit high-risk jobs when alternative employment is difficult to obtain, violating the
assumption of perfect mobility, or some workers (e.g., new migrants) may be poorly informed about between-job differences
in risk, violating the assumption of perfect information. These factors suggest our estimates of the value per statistical
life (VSL) in China, which range from approximately US$30,000 to US$100,000, may be biased downward. Alternative estimates
adjust for heterogeneity of risk within industry by assuming that risk is concentrated among low-skill workers. These estimates,
which are likely to be biased downward, range from US$7,000 to US$20,000.
相似文献
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