全文获取类型
收费全文 | 16446篇 |
免费 | 341篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 3110篇 |
工业经济 | 1245篇 |
计划管理 | 2753篇 |
经济学 | 3773篇 |
综合类 | 223篇 |
运输经济 | 120篇 |
旅游经济 | 253篇 |
贸易经济 | 2488篇 |
农业经济 | 756篇 |
经济概况 | 2008篇 |
邮电经济 | 58篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 91篇 |
2020年 | 191篇 |
2019年 | 264篇 |
2018年 | 303篇 |
2017年 | 358篇 |
2016年 | 331篇 |
2015年 | 219篇 |
2014年 | 362篇 |
2013年 | 1684篇 |
2012年 | 432篇 |
2011年 | 522篇 |
2010年 | 409篇 |
2009年 | 542篇 |
2008年 | 445篇 |
2007年 | 416篇 |
2006年 | 353篇 |
2005年 | 365篇 |
2004年 | 320篇 |
2003年 | 380篇 |
2002年 | 331篇 |
2001年 | 320篇 |
2000年 | 351篇 |
1999年 | 351篇 |
1998年 | 332篇 |
1997年 | 329篇 |
1996年 | 291篇 |
1995年 | 279篇 |
1994年 | 255篇 |
1993年 | 270篇 |
1992年 | 266篇 |
1991年 | 271篇 |
1990年 | 263篇 |
1989年 | 225篇 |
1988年 | 218篇 |
1987年 | 213篇 |
1986年 | 237篇 |
1985年 | 293篇 |
1984年 | 284篇 |
1983年 | 270篇 |
1982年 | 246篇 |
1981年 | 258篇 |
1980年 | 235篇 |
1979年 | 253篇 |
1978年 | 222篇 |
1977年 | 205篇 |
1976年 | 194篇 |
1975年 | 152篇 |
1974年 | 155篇 |
1973年 | 139篇 |
1972年 | 98篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Chad P. Bown 《The World Economy》2004,27(1):59-80
Developing countries have been increasing their participation in the formal institutions and proceedings of the multilateral trading system. A prominent example is their more frequent involvement as defendants and plaintiffs in GATT/WTO trade disputes. This paper provides an initial economic appraisal of developing country performance in the GATT/WTO dispute settlement system. We measure the economic resolution of these disputes through trade liberalisation gains, and our results suggest that developing country plaintiffs have had more success under WTO disputes than was the case under the GATT. We also document evidence on potential determinants of this success: the capacity for plaintiffs to make credible retaliatory threats and the guilty determinations by GATT/WTO panels. Finally, there is also some evidence that developing countries have recognised the importance of retaliatory threats and have responded by changing their pattern of dispute initiation under the WTO to better take advantage of the instances in which they have sufficient leverage to threaten retaliation and induce compliance with GATT/WTO obligations. 相似文献
22.
Cross‐docking replaces traditional warehousing, enabling continuous flow of items without storage. Here we model location‐distribution networks, that include cross‐docking facilities, to obtain the latter's impact on the supply chain. We formulate optimization models to minimize total cost in three multi‐echelon networks, each model generalizing the preceding one. The first includes a single manufacturer, one product type, and multiple customers. Cross‐docks are to be located between origin and destinations. Besides solving optimally, a tool for quantitative analysis of direct‐shipment decisions is developed. The second model considers more than one product: We determine a cost‐effective sequence of items for indirect shipment (via cross‐docks). Finally, in a network with multiple origins, optimal solutions are obtained for 40 medium‐sized and larger examples. 相似文献
23.
24.
Richard Henderson 《Economic Affairs》1986,6(6):45-46
Education vouchers ore conventionally attacked by commentators who prefer to maintain the dominance of the srate in the supply of education. Richard Henderson, of the stockbrokers Sheppards & Chase, analyses the vulnerability of vouchers to capture by pressure group and therefore argues for a genuine market in education without the compromise of vouchers. 相似文献
25.
The structure of marketing channel relationships 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Distribution channel research has been advanced in recent years by contributions based on the political economy paradigm,
transaction cost analysis, and relationship marketing. Drawing on these bodies of thought, we propose a new conceptualization
of the structure of marketing channel relationships. Relationship structure is defined in terms of decision-making structure
and operational integration. The proposed model of channel structure antecedents and consequences is consistent with the major
research paradigms but extends beyond simple categorical assemblages of constructs to provide an ordered set of relationships
based on theory and empirical research. This conceptualization reconciles some apparent contradictions in the literature and
provides a clear focus for structure, process, and performance research in channels.
He received his Ph.D. in marketing from Louisiana State University. He has published in the areas of marketing channels, retailing,
and logistics. His work has appeared in theJournal of Marketing Research, Journal of Marketing, Journal of Retailing, Journal of Business Research, Journal of Marketing
Channels, International Journal of Physical Distribution and Materials Management, Journal of Marketing Education, and others.
He served as the managing director of public relations with the Federal Express Corporation before entering the Ph.D. program
at Alabama. He holds a B.B.A. in accountancy from the University of Mississippi and an M.A. in marketing from the University
of Alabama. 相似文献
26.
R. P. Byron 《Journal of Applied Econometrics》1992,7(3):309-322
The time-series distributed lag techniques of econometrics can be usefully applied to cross-sectional, spatial and cross-section time-series situations. The application is perfectly natural in cross-section, time-series models when regression coefficients evolve systematically as the cross-section grouping variable changes. The evolution of such coefficients lends itself to polynomial approximation or more general smoothing restrictions. These ideas are not new, Gersovitz and McKinnon (1978) and Trivedi and Lee (1981) providing two of the earliest applications of cross-equation smoothing techniques. However, their applications were in the context of coefficient variation due to seasonal changes and this may account for the non-diffusion of these techniques. The approach here is illustrated in the context of age-specific household formation equations based on census data, using Almon polynomials when the regression coefficients vary systematically by age group. A second application is provided, using spatial data, explaining the incidence of crime, by region; using polynomial and geometric smoothing to model distance declining regional effects. 相似文献
27.
28.
The effectiveness of the decision‐making process in appraisal has been of long‐standing interest. This paper reports the results of research exploring the extent to which those undertaking appraisals apply systematic processes to their decision‐making, represented in terms of the cognitive processing models applied by appraisers. Results of 22 cognitive mapping interviews exploring appraisal practice, undertaken with appraisers in the Malaysian education system, are described. The resultant cognitive maps have been explored for what they tell us about the cognitive processing models underlying appraisers' decision‐making. Results suggest that the practice of appraisal evidenced in interviews demonstrates the presence of cognitive processing that reflects theoretical cognitive processing models, although some differences are observed between less experienced and experienced appraisers' models. Implications from the interview findings for the practice of appraisal are identified. 相似文献
29.
30.
This paper defines business ethics as a seriesof behaviors that adhere to values held by theindividual manager, the manager's supervisorsand subordinates, general society and, mostimportantly, the manager's customers andclients. The concept of business ethics isexplored through several levels of businessorganizations and operating environments.The paper then examines recent evidence of thedecline in business ethics by noting a fewexamples involving Beech-Nut, Hertz, MichaelMilken, E.F. Hutton, Sears, Salomon Brothers,Dalkon Shield, Exxon Valdez, S&L scandal,brokerage analysts. Surveys are cited toindicate that the American public believes thatbusiness ethics are declining.To further analyze the topic, the authorreports on a series of structured interviewswith managers in a variety of organizations.Fourteen senior managers were interviewed: 4from large county government, 3 from stategovernment, 4 from large corporations, 3 fromsmall businesses. The managers were asked theiropinions concerning the decline of businessethics, and for their recommendations topossibly retard the decline. All managers saidthey believed that ethics are in decline andthat the public believes ethics are declining.The recommendations for retarding or reversingthe decline yielded several suggestions: teachethics in schools and business organizations,develop and enforce Codes of Ethical Conductwithin all organizations, establish bettermonitoring and reporting mechanisms, and hireethical managers.The paper builds on theinterview results by coupling the managers'remarks with admonitions from many authors:while teaching ethics and Codes of EthicalConduct are important, the most importantfactor is the ethical behavior of managers(leaders). Ethical leadership is fundamentalsince ethical behavior is an individual – not acorporate – matter. In practice, ethics is notsomething that a manager ``does'; it issomething that the manager ``is.' 相似文献