全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5262篇 |
免费 | 322篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 714篇 |
工业经济 | 248篇 |
计划管理 | 1127篇 |
经济学 | 1553篇 |
综合类 | 40篇 |
运输经济 | 130篇 |
旅游经济 | 120篇 |
贸易经济 | 1187篇 |
农业经济 | 207篇 |
经济概况 | 255篇 |
邮电经济 | 3篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 91篇 |
2022年 | 66篇 |
2021年 | 86篇 |
2020年 | 177篇 |
2019年 | 248篇 |
2018年 | 310篇 |
2017年 | 398篇 |
2016年 | 316篇 |
2015年 | 204篇 |
2014年 | 264篇 |
2013年 | 1044篇 |
2012年 | 280篇 |
2011年 | 257篇 |
2010年 | 270篇 |
2009年 | 223篇 |
2008年 | 189篇 |
2007年 | 149篇 |
2006年 | 152篇 |
2005年 | 128篇 |
2004年 | 96篇 |
2003年 | 83篇 |
2002年 | 88篇 |
2001年 | 68篇 |
2000年 | 62篇 |
1999年 | 48篇 |
1998年 | 33篇 |
1997年 | 25篇 |
1996年 | 19篇 |
1995年 | 26篇 |
1994年 | 22篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 12篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 13篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有5584条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
991.
Karl M. Hillman Author Vitae Björn A. Sandén Author Vitae 《Technological Forecasting and Social Change》2008,75(8):1279-1302
By using socio-technical scenarios, we investigate how present policy choices may affect the development of alternative transport fuels in Sweden. One important choice for policy lies in the balance between general tax exemptions stimulating the market for alternative fuels, and funding of research and development more directly promoting new technology. The implications of this choice are illustrated with four diverging development paths until 2020. In the market-oriented scenarios, we illustrate consequences of breaking the dominance of entrenched technologies and demonstrating a growing market potential for alternatives, but also the risks with a large focus on first generation renewable fuels. In the technology-oriented scenarios, we point out the value of keeping variety among niches in this stage of the transition. In conclusion, if policy is implemented without taking the dynamic forces within the system into account, there is a risk that any measure leads the system into a dead end. But if policy strives to balance the development in different parts of the technological system while making use of various prevailing forces of change, a multitude of different efforts can contribute to the development of a more sustainable transport system. 相似文献
992.
This paper investigates the relationship between patents and research and development expenditures using new longitudinal
patent data at the firm level for the U.S. manufacturing sector from 1982 to 1992. The paper also develops a new class of
count panel data models based on series expansion of the distribution of individual effects. Estimation results from various
distributed lag and dynamic multiplicative panel count data models show that the contemporaneous relationship between patenting
and R&D expenditures continues to be strong, accounting for over 60% of the total R&D elasticity. The lag effects are higher
than have previously been found for the 1970s data.
We would like to thank Chris Bollinger, Bronwyn Hall and Paula Stephan for useful comments on the previous version of the
paper. Earlier versions were presented at the 11th International Conference on Panel Data, Texas A&M University, the Midwest
Econometrics Group Meeting, and the Annual Conference of the Southern Economic Association. 相似文献
993.
In this paper we estimate a standard version of the New Keynesian Monetary (NKM) model augmented with term structure in order
to analyze two issues. First, we analyze the effect of introducing an explicit term structure channel in the NKM model on
the estimated parameter values of the model, with special emphasis on the interest rate smoothing parameter using data for
the Eurozone. Second, we study the ability of the model to reproduce some stylized facts such as highly persistent dynamics,
the weak comovement between economic activity and inflation, and the positive, strong comovement between interest rates observed
in actual Eurozone data. The Sect. 3 implemented is a classical structural method based on the indirect inference principle.
We are grateful to Eduardo Ley, two anonymous referees and seminar participants at the XXXI Simposio de Análisis Económico
(Oviedo, Spain) and Bank of Spain for their useful comments. Financial support from Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología and
Universidad del País Vasco (Spain) and Fundación Séneca through projects SEJ2004-04811/ECON, 9/UPV00035.321-13511/2001 and
I02937/PHCS/05, respectively, is gratefully acknowledged. The first author also thanks Fundación Ramón Areces for financial
support. 相似文献
994.
It is well known that the profitability of horizontal mergers with quantity competition is scarce. However, in an asymmetric
Stackelberg market we obtain that some mergers are profitable. Our main result is that mergers among followers become profitable
when the followers are inefficient enough. In this case, leaders reduce their output when followers merge and this reduction
renders the merger profitable. This merger increases price and welfare is reduced.
相似文献
995.
André C. Silva 《Portuguese Economic Journal》2008,7(2):101-124
I relate hours worked with taxes on consumption and labor for Portugal, France, Spain, United Kingdom and United States. From
1986 to 2001, hours per worker in Portugal decreased from 35.1 to 32.6. With the parameters for Portugal, the model predicts
hours worked in 2001 with an error of only 12 min from the actual hours. Across countries, most predictions differ from the
data by 1 h or less. The model is not sensible to special assumptions on the parameters. I calculate the long run effects
of taxes on consumption, hours, capital and welfare for Portugal. I extend the model to discuss implications for Social Security.
I discuss the steady state and the transition from a pay-as-you-go to a fully funded system.
相似文献
André C. SilvaEmail: |
996.
Julio Martínez-Galarraga Elisenda Paluzie Jordi Pons Daniel A. Tirado-Fabregat 《Cliometrica》2008,2(3):195-212
This paper analyses the relationship between spatial density of economic activity and interregional differences in the productivity
of industrial labour in Spain during the period 1860–1999. In the spirit of Ciccone and Hall (Am Econ Rev 86:54–70, 1996) and Ciccone (Eur Econ Rev 46:213–227, 2002), we analyse the evolution of this relationship over the long term in Spain. Using data on the period 1860–1999 we show the
existence of an agglomeration effect linking the density of economic activity with labour productivity in the industry. This
effect was present since the beginning of the industrialisation process in the middle of the nineteenth century but has been
decreasing over time. Our results show that doubling employment density raises average labour productivity in the industrial
sector by between 3 and 5% in all periods analysed, with the exception of the last segment from the twentieth century. Hence,
we find significant evidence of agglomeration effects. However, these effects seem to have been falling sharply from the mid-nineteenth
century until late in the twentieth century, and there appears to be no positive evidence of agglomeration effects in industry
in the period 1985–1999. This result could be explained by an important increase in the congestion effects in large industrial
metropolitan areas that would have compensated the centripetal or agglomeration forces at work. Furthermore, this result is
also consistent with the evidence of a dispersion of industrial activity in Spain during the last decades.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
相似文献
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Daniel A. Tirado-FabregatEmail: |
997.
998.
999.
Rubén Garrido-Yserte Elena Mañas-Alcón Maria Teresa Gallo-Rivera 《Journal of Housing Economics》2012,21(3):246-255
Spain is a home-owner economy, and housing is a key good for determining the cost of living. However, its treatment in indices such as the Spanish Consumer Price Index (CPI) makes it impossible to measure the real impact of housing on the cost of living. This issue is especially relevant at the regional level, where the differences in the housing markets are very substantial. This paper demonstrates the importance of taking account of owner occupied housing in a measure of the cost of living for Spain. 相似文献
1000.
Influence of institutional environment on entrepreneurial intention: a comparative study of two countries university students 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Juan Carlos Díaz-Casero Joao José M. Ferreira Ricardo Hernández Mogollón Mario Lino Barata Raposo 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2012,8(1):55-74
Institutional environment influences the perceptions of desirability and feasibility, society’s social and cultural environment,
such as beliefs, values and attitudes, conditions behaviour and decisions made by individuals. This research evaluates the
influence of institutional environment on entrepreneurial intention using a comparative analysis of different attitudes among
university students in two countries: Portugal and Spain. In particular, this study aims to examine the perceptions of desirability,
feasibility and intention toward the creation of one’s own business and how that variables influence the entrepreneurial intention
as compared these two different institutional contexts. Results revealed difference among attitudes toward entrepreneurship
in both countries. With respect to the perception of feasibility, the majority of students in Extremadura (Spain) consider
that it is easier to create a business in nowadays than it was several decades ago. However, from the students of Beira Interior
(Portugal) consider that it is more difficult. Furthermore, in Extremadura, the entrepreneurial intention is higher than in
Beira Interior. 相似文献