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941.
RÉSUMÉ ** : Cet article cherche à estimer, pour un échantillon issu de sept pays européens, le différentiel de satisfaction dans l'emploi entre les secteurs à but non lucratif et à but lucratif, et à en examiner les causes. La richesse des données utilisées permet, contrairement aux études antérieures, de prendre en compte les différences de caractéristiques d'emploi entre les deux secteurs. Les résultats obtenus révèlent que la plus grande satisfaction dans l'emploi des salariés du secteur à but non lucratif résulte principalement de caractéristiques mesurant l'autonomie et l'intérêt de l'emploi et d'une plus grande satisfaction vis-à-vis de leur autonomie et de la nature du travail qu'ils effectuent, éléments susceptibles de contribuer au développement de la motivation intrinsèque des salariés. 相似文献
942.
Joseph G. Eisenhauer 《Forum for Social Economics》2008,37(2):103-113
The concept of a middle class is prevalent in both common parlance and the social sciences; concern is frequently expressed
that the middle class is shrinking, and politicians often position themselves as champions of the middle class. Yet the phrase
“middle class” is extremely ambiguous; no consensus exists on either the upper bound or the lower bound separating the middle
class from other classes. The present paper employs the government’s official poverty line as the demarcation between the
poor and the middle class, and develops an equivalent distinction to separate the middle class from the wealthy. Based on
the new definition, the paper provides some rough empirical estimates of the size of the American middle class over the 1989–2004
period.
Joseph G. Eisenhauer is Professor and Chair of Economics at Wright State University. A past president and Distinguished Fellow of the New York State Economics Association, he has also been a Huebner Fellow at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School, a visiting scholar at the Catholic University of America, and a visiting professor at the University of Rome. His research focuses on risk aversion, precautionary saving, insurance, ethics, and social class. He has been published in numerous professional journals, including Review of Social Economy, Journal of Socio-Economics, International Journal of Social Economics, Review of Political Economy, Eastern Economic Journal, Journal of Risk and Insurance, Journal of Insurance Issues, Applied Economics, Empirical Economics, International Journal of Health Care Finance and Economics, and Economics Bulletin, among others. 相似文献
Joseph G. EisenhauerEmail: |
Joseph G. Eisenhauer is Professor and Chair of Economics at Wright State University. A past president and Distinguished Fellow of the New York State Economics Association, he has also been a Huebner Fellow at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School, a visiting scholar at the Catholic University of America, and a visiting professor at the University of Rome. His research focuses on risk aversion, precautionary saving, insurance, ethics, and social class. He has been published in numerous professional journals, including Review of Social Economy, Journal of Socio-Economics, International Journal of Social Economics, Review of Political Economy, Eastern Economic Journal, Journal of Risk and Insurance, Journal of Insurance Issues, Applied Economics, Empirical Economics, International Journal of Health Care Finance and Economics, and Economics Bulletin, among others. 相似文献
943.
THE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME DURING INFLATION 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper analyzes the effects of inflation on the size distribution of income, making use of a microsimulation model. It goes beyond earlier analyses not only in the use of microdata but also in the types of inflation modeled. Two different income concepts are used, one the money income concept of the U.S. Census Bureau and the second, called Accrued Comprehensive Income, based on the concept of income as consumption plus the change in net worth. The results of the simulation inflations are presented graphically, as the ratio of real income with inflation to real income without, by income class. The analysis concludes that the income concept chosen is crucially important. While low income households suffer modest losses and middle income households are largely unaffected, whatever income concept is used, the effects on upper income households are extremely sensitive. With a simple money income concept, the well-to-do appear to benefit from inflation but a broader concept reverses this effect. A policy to negate the distributional effect of inflation would benefit primarily the upper income households. Similarly, macroeconomic policies designed to reduce inflation at the price of slower growth and greater unemployment would not aid lower income groups to a significant degree. 相似文献
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Joseph D Reid 《Explorations in Economic History》1976,13(1):69-83
Evidence from antebellum Southern rental and sharecrop leases is presented that shows that tenancy was not new to the postbellum South, but had been carried on during the 40 years preceding the Civil War. This evidence shows that antebellum tenancy, like postbellum tenancy, was governed by written contracts that detailed the rights and obligations of tenant and landlord alike. Landlords closely negotiated and continuously administered these contracts. This evidence further discredits the traditional judgment of tenancy, and especially of sharecropping, as inherently inefficient. It sheds little light, however, on why one tenure was chosen over another. 相似文献
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Consumers' demand for money to hold is shown rigorously to be related to possible but uncertain purchase opportunities rather than to total consumption (income) or to the variability of bond yields. A formal model of consumers' demand for precautionary balances is analyzed. It implies that cash balances demanded will be changed by different amounts in response to equivalent changes in the rates of time preference and inflation. This perhaps explains recent instability in money demand estimates. 相似文献
950.
This study demonstrates that exponential modeling applies to the diffusion of foods. By using per capita data rather than gross consumption data, we show that this exponential process is not an artifact of a simultaneous population increase. However, whereas previous researchers predict that use diffusion continues indefinitely though at decreasing rates from one time period to the next, the present study demonstrates that it can end or even reverse, as well as attenuate. The extension of reinforcement theory in psychology to “social learning” theory is rejected as an explanation of this change, and the alternative “technological substitution” model is discussed. 相似文献