Market domain and structure in regional manufacturing instability

A decomposition of regional sectoral manufacturing employment variances is used as a basis for allocating instability to the markets in which the instability originates, including national, regional and internal. The effects of such attributes of industry structure as market power and economies of scale upon manufacturing sector instability is also investigated. Using data for Arizona over the years 1965–1985, 43% of Arizona's manufacturing instability is attributable to instability in national markets. The hypothesis that Arizona's instability can be attributed to market power differentials is rejected, but the effect of scale economy differentials is supported.     

A factor endowment theory of international trade under imperfect competition and increasing returns

Abstract.  Constructing a two‐good (competitive and imperfectly‐competitive goods), two‐primary factor (capital and labor) and two‐country model of international trade where the imperfectly‐competitive sector is subject to increasing returns to scale, we establish an oligopolistic version of the Heckscher‐Ohlin theorem. JEL classification: F10, F12     

On the asymptotic behavior of the prices of Asian options

In this paper, we study the price of a long term Asian option the pay-off of which is determined by the average price of the underlying asset during the last fixed number of days of its life. As one can imagine, it converges to the price of a plain vanilla option as the time to maturity increases. We explicitly obtained the asymptotic difference which will be useful for computing the price of Asian option in practice.     

Empirical analysis of factors promoting the Japanese 3G mobile phone

This paper aims to specify factors promoting the 3G mobile in Japan. The factors are represented by value-added services such as FeliCa, which enables e-payment, data roaming services, and full music downloads. Panel data from the three main carriers, which occupy over 90% of the Japanese mobile market, is utilized. In order to control network effects as well as the endogeneity of variables, the Arellano–Bond dynamic panel estimation is adopted. As a result, the launch of the iPhone 3G, FeliCa, data roaming, full music downloads, and the flat rate are revealed to have affected the diffusion of the 3G mobile in Japan. The results, reflecting the importance of value-added services, can be applied not only to the next generation mobile development, but also to the promotion of 3G networks in other countries.     

Ergodic chaos for non‐expansive economic models**

Ergodic chaos is one of the most important concepts in the theory of nonlinear economics. Due to the lack of appropriate sufficient conditions, its reach has not been fully understood. In this paper a sufficient condition for ergodic chaos that covers non‐expansive dynamical systems is examined. By analyzing an endogenous growth model as an example, we discuss the breadth of models in which ergodic chaos can emerge.     

Trade liberalization,division of labor and welfare under oligopoly

Incorporating explicitly division of labor into a two-country general oligopolistic equilibrium model, we examine the effects of trade liberalization on firm productivity and welfare. We show that a tariff reduction increases the firm productivity of the trading industries but decreases that of the non-trading industries. An expansion of the trading industries, in contrast, decreases the firm productivity of both the trading and non-trading industries. We then find that a tariff reduction necessarily reduces welfare while the welfare effect of expansion of trading industries is ambiguous.     

The Books of Crisis and Tooke–Newmarch excerpts: a new aspect of Marx's crisis theory in MEGA

Abstract

The paper explores a new aspect of the development of the Books of Crisis: the fact that Marx’s empirical research on the 1857 crisis in these notebooks was undertaken as the direct continuation of his study of Thomas Tooke and William Newmarch's A History of Prices. Our investigation will provide clues to better understand the structure and contents of the documents. Particularly, we provide new evidence for why Marx started his research on the 1857 crisis with the French economy, which managed to steer clear of the crisis, rather than with England, which was already acutely affected by it.     

Positive return premia in Japan

This paper examines Jensen's [J. Finance, 1968, 23, 389–416] alphas and the time-varying return premia unexplained by standard risk factors in Japan and presents several new findings. First, in contrast to the US experience, positive alphas remain after Fama and French's three factors are applied to excess stock returns in Japan. Second, positive alphas remain in Japan, even if the Fama–French three factors combined with momentum and reversal factors are applied to excess stock returns. Third, the positive return premia unexplained by these five factors bear little relation to the dynamics of the Japanese macroeconomy. Fourth, the time series evolution of the positive return premia indicates autonomous dynamics with at least three regimes. Fifth, we can predict or time the acquisition of the positive return premia for small-size portfolios in Japan by observing the direction and effect of the return premia of large-size portfolios and high-book equity to market equity (BE/ME) portfolios. Finally, application of the self-exciting threshold autoregressive (SETAR) model shows that the size effects are stronger than the BE/ME effects in Japan, given that the return premia from small-size portfolios in the SETAR model are bounded by positive thresholds, while the return premia from high-BE/ME portfolios are bounded by negative thresholds.     

Legal migration and illegal migration: the effectiveness of qualitative and quantitative restriction policies

By considering the optimal behaviour of illegal mi grants who must confront the various enforcement techniques adopted by the host country, we show that an increase in penalties, in travel cost, or in the possibility of detection, would be effective in the 'qualitative ' objective but not in the 'quantitative' objective. Moreover. when a host country starts accepting skilled legal migrants, if the required skill level is relatively low and the possibility of detection is sufficiently high , an increase in penalties will be effective in both objectives.