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81.
The Importance of Social Capital to the Management of Multinational Enterprises: Relational Networks Among Asian and Western Firms 总被引:7,自引:5,他引:7
Social capital is an important concept for multinational firms. Firms operating in global markets rarely have adequate resources to compete effectively in global markets; they access the needed resources through formal and informal relationships with other firms. The cultures in Asian countries have emphasized relationships much more strongly than Western firms. Thus, relational capital, based on guanxi (China), kankei (Japan) and inmak (Korea), provides the framework for business dealings in many Asian countries. As a result, the social capital of many Asian firms gives them a potential competitive advantage in global markets. Western firms must develop social capital and learn to manage relational networks to gain and sustain a competitive advantage in global markets. Western firms can learn how to develop and manage social capital from Asian firms. Alternatively, social capital has some disadvantages. Firms are limited by their networks and thus experience opportunity costs and path dependence. Additionally, while Asian firms often have strong network ties in their domestic markets, they have to develop many more ties globally to operate effectively in global markets. As a result, the development and management of social capital has become of critical importance for competitive advantage in global markets. 相似文献
82.
We investigate the use of unit (i.e., package) initial public offerings by Australian industrial firms and conclude that their use reflects their role as a signaling mechanism (Chemmanur and Fulghieri, 1997), as distinct from the agency–cost explanation offered by Schultz (1993). From a sample of 394 IPOs between 1976 and 1994, the 66 firms making unit offerings are typically riskier, use less prestigious underwriters and have a lower level of retained ownership than other IPO firms. While these results are also consistent with Schultz's agency cost explanation, other results we report are not. We find no difference in underpricing etween unit IPOs and other IPO firms, nor are there any significant differences in the planned uses of proceeds reported in the prospectus, post–listing failure rates or secondary equity offerings of the type predicted by Schultz. We do however, report evidence consistent with a prediction unique to the signaling explanation. After controlling for the level of ownership retained by insiders, the proportion of firm value sold as warrants is increasing in IPO firms' riskiness. 相似文献
83.
Bao DA-HSIEN Chien CHIN-CHEN Lee CHENG-FEW 《Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting》1997,8(3):229-244
This study attempts to identify firm characteristics that explain the disparity between the information content of accounting earnings and stock prices. Granger's causality concept was employed to classify sample firms into four groups: price-leading firms, feedback-system firms, earnings-leading firms, and no-causation firms. The feedback-system firms were either combined with the no-causation firms or eliminated entirely to form three sample groups. The entire sample firms then were divided into two classes. The first is for estimation, and the second is for prediction. Results indicate that firm size, capital structure, R-square of regressing prices at time t against earnings at time t – 1, R-square of regressing earnings at time t against prices at time t – 1, and percentage of shares held by institutions are the significant explaining variables. The application of the coefficient estimates to the hold-out sample indicates that 76.2% of the firms can be correctly classified into the corresponding groups. These results were consistent with those from canonical discrimination and other multivariate statistical methods. 相似文献
84.
Chen-Lung Chin Picheng Lee Gary Kleinman Pei-Yu Chen 《Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting》2006,27(1):67-91
Innovation capital are typically expensed and/or unrecognized as assets under current generally accepted accounting principles.
This results in accounting-related information asymmetry. This paper examines the association of innovation capital (as measured
here by the proxies of R&D expenditures and granted patents) and initial public offerings (IPO) anomalies. These anomalies
include initial IPO underpricing, duration of honeymoon (a distinct feature of the Taiwanese IPO environment), and long-term
performance. The theoretical model underlying this research is a signaling model. The results indicate that more innovative
firms are more likely to be underpriced, and have longer honeymoon periods than less innovative firms. Further, the more innovative
firms have positive and growing long-term market-adjusted returns. This stands in contrast to the declining long-term stock
performance of initial public offering firms that is evidenced in the literature. We conclude that pre-IPO research and development
expenditures disclosed in the IPO prospectus, official monthly reports of newly developed patents released to the public,
and the frequency of patent citations significantly signal both underpricing and future market performance of IPO firms in
Taiwan. 相似文献
85.
Longevity Bonds: Financial Engineering, Valuation, and Hedging 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
David Blake rew Cairns Kevin Dowd Richard MacMinn 《The Journal of risk and insurance》2006,73(4):647-672
This article examines the main characteristics of longevity bonds (LBs) and shows that they can take a large variety of forms which can vary enormously in their sensitivities to longevity shocks. We examine different ways of financially engineering LBs and consider problems arising from the dearth of ultra‐long government bonds and the choice of the reference population index. The article also looks at valuation issues in an incomplete markets context and finishes with an examination of how LBs can be used as a risk management tool for hedging longevity risks. 相似文献
86.
Rocky Lee Matt Adler Christopher Terry 《投资与合作》2006,(9):99-100
On July 13, 2006, the Min istry of Information Indus try of the People's Repub lic of China ("MII") issued a new notice concerning foreign-invested telecom and internet companies in China. MII's "Notice on Strengthening Regulation of Foreign Investment in and Operations of Value-Added Telecom Services" (the "MII Circular"), further clarifies the existing regulatory framework governing foreign investment in internet and other value-added telecommunications (" VATS ") businesses in China. 相似文献
87.
George M. Frankfurter Arman Kosedag Kevin Chiang David Collison David M. Power Hartmut Schmidt Raymond So Mihail Topalov 《Research in International Business and Finance》2004,18(1):73-114
This paper is a report about the perception of dividends by Chief financial officers (CFOs). The research encompasses five countries, on three continents, and covers three types of economies. Our cross-sectional study is concerned with both inter- and intra-societal differences that may or may not exist regarding the perception of dividends by those who are in charge of making such decisions in the firm. Using a survey instrument, we find that both similarities and dissimilarities exist inter- and intra-culturally. Perhaps the most important conclusion we reach is that dividend research must take a different track than it has been following so far. 相似文献
88.
In Korea, regulators could assign auditors to firms. We investigate the relationship among audit fees, mandatory auditor assignment, and the joint provision of non-audit and auditor services in Korea. We find that assigned auditors charge significantly higher audit fees than freely selected auditors. We also find that the joint provision of non-audit and audit services does intensify the relation between auditor assignment and audit fees. Combined with the results of other studies that have shown that firms audited by assigned auditors report smaller amounts of discretionary accruals than firms audited by freely selected auditors, our results suggest the possibility that mandatory auditor assignment may improve auditor independence. 相似文献
89.
Joel F. Houston Jongsub Lee Felix Suntheim 《Journal of Accounting and Economics》2018,65(2-3):237-269
We show that banks with shared social connections partner more often in the global syndicated loan market and that central banks in the network play dominant roles in various interbank transactions, indicating that social connections facilitate business connections. However, more centralized banks in the network also contribute significantly to the global systemic risk. Moreover, we find the soft information generated by social networks is particularly valuable when potential partners operate under different accounting and regulatory standards. Finally, we show that the recent banking crisis significantly limited the positive soft information effects of social networks in the global banking system. 相似文献
90.
Michael Dambra Laura Casares Field Matthew T. Gustafson Kevin Pisciotta 《Journal of Accounting and Economics》2018,65(2-3):302-330
The JOBS Act allows certain analysts to be more involved in the IPO process, but does not relax restrictions on analyst compensation structure. We find that these analysts initiate coverage that is more optimistically biased, less accurate, and generates smaller stock market reactions. Investors purchasing shares following these initiations lose over 3% of their investment by the firm's subsequent earnings release. By contrast, issuers, analysts, and investment banks appear to benefit from this increased bias, as optimism is more positively associated with proxies for firm visibility and investment banking revenues when analysts are involved in the IPO process. 相似文献