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121.
Katarina Elofsson 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2007,36(2):143-162
Unilateral abatement is sometimes advocated in order to set a good example that will make other countries follow. The aim
of this paper is to investigate whether existence of correlated cost uncertainty provides an incentive for a country to undertake
unilateral abatement. The theoretical model is driven by two main mechanisms; first, a learning effect, as the follower country
might reduce its risk premium as it can observe the cost level in the leader country. Second, there is the public good effect,
i.e., the marginal benefit of abatement declines when abatement is a public good and other countries contribute to pollution
reductions. Results shows that unilateral abatement would be efficient in reducing uncertainty about the unit costs of abatement
if a country with low cost uncertainty would undertake abatement first, while a country with initially high cost uncertainty
would follow. However, countries may prefer to act simultaneously because of the larger uncertainties that are inherent in
a sequential game.
相似文献
122.
This paper presents an agent-based simulation model with local network externality to analyze strategic interactions over
investment on new economic knowledge. R&D knowledge flows and spillovers are the results of non-cooperative games played between
neighboring agents in the model. The model demonstrates a situation where no agents have incentives to hide their economic
knowledge, a situation that is observed in open source software development projects. The likelihood of obtaining a stable
situation where new economic knowledge is openly shared is increased when heterogeneity of agents is introduced.
相似文献
123.
Simple models of local government behavior predict equal effects of private income and unconditional federal grants on local
government expenditures. Numerous empirical analyses, however, find that the effect of grants is larger than the income effect.
We argue that this flypaper effect may be a result of weak political leaderships in multi–issue and multi–party decision–making
environments. In multi–issue institutions, a strong political leadership may reduce inefficiency due to interest group influence
and inter–party bargaining in the local council. Utilizing data for Norwegian local governments in the 1930s, we find that
political strength reduces the size of the flypaper effect. When the local council consists of only one political party, we
cannot reject absence of a flypaper effect, while the flypaper effect is large in fragmented local councils.
Received: June 2000 / accepted: February 2001 相似文献
124.
Action Research is Similar to Design Science 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Pertti Järvinen 《Quality and Quantity》2007,41(1):37-54
In management information systems (MIS) action research is long considered as promising but low-level research approach. It
has an utmost relevance because action researchers are working with practitioners to solve the important practical problem.
Design science outlined some years ago is just winning a wider audience. Action research was traditionally classified into
qualitative research methods. But it seems to be the “wrong” home of action research. We shall show that after comparison
of the seven aspects: concrete results of the study, knowledge produced, activities, the intent and the nature of a study,
the division of labor in a study and generation, use and test of knowledge, the concordance between the characteristics of
action research on the one hand and of design science on the other hand is very good. Hence, action research and design science
should next be considered as similar research approaches, and this is a turning point in the history of both action research
and design science. 相似文献
125.
Expressions for marginal distribution functions of sequential order statistics and generalized order statistics are presented without any restrictions imposed on the model parameters. The results are related to the relevation transform, to the distribution of the product of Beta distributed random variables, and to Meijers G-functions. Some selected applications in the areas of moments, conditional distributions, recurrence relations, and reliability properties are shown.
Key words:Order statistics; Generalized order statistics; Sequential order statistics; Record values; Distribution theory; Meijers G-function; Recurrence relations; Reliability properties. 相似文献
126.
Heinz Weisshaupt 《Decisions in Economics and Finance》2003,26(2):81-96
We would like to insure against the risk that a geometric Brownian motion, correlated with the price process of a certain
traded asset, is in a set E at time T. In this paper it is shown that the best action one can take to insure against this risk is to buy a binary option on the
traded asset. We give explicit formulas in the case that E is an infinite interval. The setting of all our investigations is the Black-Scholes model.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 91B28, 60J65, 62P05, 91B30, 62F03
Journal of Economic Literature Classification: G31 相似文献
127.
Representing complete and incomplete subjective linear preferences on random numbers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We show that preferences on random numbers which satisfy certain natural properties can be represented, in the setting of
topological vector spaces, by a suitable family of continuous previsions which is, in a sense, unique. Moreover, for most
commonly used spaces of random numbers, we establish that one can derive these preferences, via an expectation operator, from
a suitable family of probabilities (whether or not finitely additive).
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 06A06, 62C05, 91B06
Journal of Economic Literature Classification: D11, D81 相似文献
128.
Kim C. Border 《Economic Theory》2007,31(1):167-181
This note uses the Theorem of the Alternative to prove new results on the implementability of general, asymmetric auctions,
and to provide simpler proofs of known results for symmetric auctions. The tradeoff is that type spaces are taken to be finite. 相似文献
129.
This paper studies the dynamic interaction between human capital accumulation and economic growth. Capital market imperfections
and an indivisibility in human capital investment prevent poor agents from accumulating skills, the acquisition of which positively
affects technological progress. More productive technologies in turn require more sophisticated qualification and involve
higher training costs. The equilibrium dynamics can be characterized by the joint evolution of productivity growth, the schooling
costs, and the income distribution. Under our assumptions, individual incomes follow a non-linear Markov chain. This non-linearity
generates endogenous fluctuations of schooling activities and the rate at which productivity improvements occur.
We thank an anonymous referee for many helpful suggestions. Support from the German Research Foundation (DFG) under grant
KA1519/2-2 is gratefully acknowledged. 相似文献
130.
Regulatory decisions often must be made in an atmosphere of uncertainty, and arguments presented by the affected parties frequently
add to, rather than resolve, that uncertainty. Here, we examine several of the deregulatory decisions affecting the long-distance
market that were rendered by the FCC over the two-decade period following the divestiture of AT&T. Our purpose is to provide
empirical evidence relevant to some of the arguments regarding market conditions that were presented during that period. Findings
suggest that some of the more prominent allegations are not supported by the data.
相似文献