海洋生物资源资产价值评估方法与资源管理探讨

为探索在市场经济条件下海洋生物资源的管理途径,从而更加合理地保护和利用海洋生物资源,论文针对我国在海域占用、环境污染损失影响评估以及海洋生物资源利用中存在的问题,利用文献综合分析与归纳法探讨了海洋生物资源资产的价值构成,认为我国海洋生物资源资产价值应当包括经济价值(Aj)、生态价值(As)、文化价值(Aw)以及其他价值(Aq)。在此基础上提出了相应的海洋生物资源资产的价值综合评估计算模型(A=∑_(i=1)~nAi,Ai=Aji+Asi+Awi+Aqi),以期为我国在涉海工程占用海域、海洋污染等生境胁迫对海洋生物资源造成影响时,提供价值评估方法。同时,建议我国在海洋生物资源管理中,应积极探索渔业资源有偿利用的管理措施并不断完善资产价值评估标准和方法。     

Corporate Opacity and Cost of Debt for Family Firms

This paper uses a sample of Chinese firms to examine the impact of corporate opacity on the relationship between family control and firms’ cost of debt. We find that family control is associated with a lower cost of debt on average, and a negative impact exists mainly in firms with relatively low corporate opacity. We further provide evidence that the moderating effect of corporate opacity becomes more pronounced when investors’ perception of controlling families’ moral hazard of expropriation is higher. Our results are robust to alternative opacity proxies and controlling for endogeneity of family control using the instrumental variable method. Our study highlights that controlling families are heterogeneous in their impact on the shareholder–debtholder relationship in family firms, and debtholders view corporate opacity as an important reference in assessing the extent of potential agency conflicts in China.     

我国收入分配领域存在的问题及解决的办法

目前,我国收入分配领域存在收入分配不公平和收入分配秩序混乱等问题,必须从以下几个方面入手加以解决:一、惩治腐败,严厉打击非法收入。二、加快对垄断行业的改革,规范垄断行业的收入分配。三、加快税收制度改革,缩小收入分配差距。四、建立和完善覆盖全民的基本公共服务体系,推进基本公共服务均等化。     

Participation in export and Chinese firms’ capacity utilization

This paper first sets up a firm heterogeneity trade model and shows that given capital stock and productivity, export firms will have higher rates of capacity utilization. In addition, given capital stock and fixed export costs, firms with higher productivity are more likely to export. I then use the 2012 Chinese enterprise survey from the World Bank to empirically investigate the impact of participation in export on Chinese firms’ capacity utilization rate. The results show that on average, export firms have capacity utilization rate 1.55–2.01 percent higher than non-export firms, which amounts to 14.6–18.9 percent of the standard deviation of capacity utilization rate in the sample. I also find that firms with a larger part of shares owned by the government have lower capacity utilization. Stronger market competition leads to over-investment and therefore lower capacity utilization rate. Faced with more rigorous labor market regulation, firms will substitute capital for the use of labor, resulting in higher capacity utilization rate.     

河南省文化产业发展的问题与对策探讨——基于旅游强省的视角

河南省旅游文化资源丰富,但与文化旅游强省还有一定的差距,只有通过旅游产业和文化产业的融合与渗透,才能实现旅游文化产业的创新、发展与壮大。河南省旅游文化产业存在发展模式守旧、产业化意识薄弱、旅游产品文化品位较低、宣传力度不够、管理体制不健全等问题。促进河南省旅游文化产业发展应突出主题,强调特色;深挖文化内涵,提升品位层次;加大对旅游业及相关产业的投入;拉长产业链条,提升综合增值力;加大宣传力度,提升外部影响;努力打造精品品牌;深化体制改革,健全市场体系。     

Corporate giving in Taiwan: agency cost theory vs. value enhancement theory

This article examines the determinants of corporate giving (CG) in Taiwan according to agency cost (AC) and value enhancement (VE) theories. Panel regression test results reveal several new and interesting pieces of evidence. First, VE determinants outweigh AC determinants in explaining CG there. Second, the positive link between the current CG ratio (CGR) and the lagged CGR (CGR(-1)) suggests the consistent nature of CG. Third, after the global financial crisis in 2008, the influence of debt leverage on CGR vanished, but the impact of managerial insiders’ shareholdings on CGR became significant. Last, the influences of VE determinants and CGR(-1) on CGR remain during both pre-crisis and post-crisis periods. Moreover, after the crisis, CG was still motivated to create current value for shareholders, and was apparently used as a business strategy to signal companies’ financial or managerial stability.     

“大城管”视野下的政府协调与公务协助机制

大城管,即构建城市综合管理体制,是破解当前城市管理难题的可行路径.良好的城市综合管理体制包括建立各部门协调机制,构建公务协助机制.本文从城市综合管理的概念入手,分析城市综合管理需要构建协调机制的缘由,明确有效协调机制的关键因素,并提出建立有效的公务协助机制的正确方向.     

试析城市发展的外部效应

城市发展是以城市经济发展为基础的包括城市经济发展在内的整个城市社会的进步，实际是一种有机体的经济活动，因此受到经济学“外部效应”普遍性的影响，对经济、文化、民主政治以及生态的协调发展产生积极的作用。因此实现城市科学、可持续发展，是现阶段城市建设的重要目标。     

提升债权国地位扭转全球财富分配失衡刻不容缓

本文利用国际收支平衡表,通过对比中美两国对外金融资产与负债结构、成本收益,以及对美国债务型经济的国际循环进行分析后发现,中国虽然是全球第二大债权国,但正面临着负财富效应、货币错配、对外金融资产与负债不对称等不成熟债权国的种种困境。其反映的是在全球化和国际产业转移的大背景下,作为全球金融中心的美国与作为全球制造业中心的中国,在国际分工上的失衡以及债权国与债务国之间利益分配上的失衡。因此,如何重新审视和提升中国国际债权大国的地位,如何调整对外金融资产构成、改变中国长期以来的＂双顺差＂型的资本循环模式,这是＂十二五＂时期必须回答的战略性议题。