麦金西的奥秘

美国运通公司、国际商用机器公司、西屋电气公司都是美国的公司巨头。它们新上任的掌舵的总裁在各自的履历表上都写有同一项内容:他们都曾工作于当今世界最负盛名的管理咨询公司麦金西公司。自1926年詹姆斯·麦金西创立麦金西公司以来(他后来离开了公司而     

1997年亚洲金融危机：原因及政策反应

1997年的亚洲金融危机是第4次国际金融危机。对国际金融体系的第一次重大打击发生于1982年8月。当时,墨西哥宣布它无法向国际债权人按期偿还债务。随后不久,巴西和阿根廷也无法按期偿还债务。到1983年春,大约有25个发展中国家无法按期偿还债务,和债权银行就重新制定还债计划进行谈判。那时,这些国家占了非石油生产国的发展中国家欠私营银行所有债务的三分之二。     

中国农村与农业改革的成效与问题

中国农村与农业改革的成效与问题Ｄ·Ｇ·约翰逊（芝加哥大学）９７９年开始的农村经济改革，其成效远大于缺陷。当然我们也不应忽视改革进程中存在着的重要问题，尤其是它影响到中国未来的食品供应。本文将论及改革的这两个方面。一、农村改革的主要成效世界上从没有任何...     

中国银行业不良资产与中国金融体系的未来

本文针对中国银行业的不良资产是否会对中国金融体系构成威胁的问题，提出了如下观点：中国银行业的不良资产主要是政策性贷款，是在经济体制转型中逐渐形成的，其形成原因主要是制度原因；不良贷款的处置损失将在未来由国家财政、中央银行和国有银行之间分担，未来分担损失降低了对当前金融体系的冲击；在对中日两国银行不良贷款处置问题进行比较后，发现中国由于拥有国家政府担任主导者和终极责任承担者的角色，与日本相比，中国不良资产的处置进程迅速并且前景甚佳；随着中国的经济改革进程，中国人民的财富安全性和经济安全性在不断提高，这将有助于中国金融体系的稳定和中国经济的长期增长。     

欧洲央行非常规货币政策评述

由于结构性原因,近年来欧洲利率水平大幅下降,使得欧洲央行不得不使用负利率和购买债券等新的非常规工具。如果没有这些货币政策措施,欧元区的发展会更弱。     

Poverty,population and environmental degradation in China

This article examines the relationship between poverty, population, and environmental degradation in China. Environmental conditions include water pollution, deforestation, destruction of grasslands, soil erosion, and salinization. The authors review China's success in controlling environmental degradation through leadership, environmental policies, and institutional capacity. Findings suggest that environmental progress is best achieved indirectly by poverty alleviation, market integration, and population control. Government policies were not very effective. Degradation occurs due to limited financial resources, poorly trained personnel, and political factors. Control of water pollution was instituted since the 1980s. The levels of pollutants have been reduced, but the type of pollutant determines the seriousness of impact. Water pollution is due to industrial wastes, agricultural run-off, and soil erosion. Since the 1970s, reforestation targets have not been met. Technical extension and monitoring of planting is not available in most areas, and private, profit seeking interests control acreage. Grassland destruction is due to deforestation, agricultural expansion, and overgrazing. Independent regional authorities have successfully managed pasture programs. Erosion is the most serious in Loess Plateau, the Red Soils area, the Northeast China Plain, and the Northwest Grasslands, which comprise 70% of total land area. In 1990, erosion control was practiced in 39% of eroded land area. Salinization has remained fairly constant. Environmental controls (direct regulation, planned recovery, and state-mandated technological improvements) are uneven. The main tool for environmental management is the State Environmental Protection Commission and its executive unit, SEPA. Problems stem from vague laws, lack of means of enforcement, lack of coordination of laws, and lack of standards, schedules, and other provisions in ordinances.     

Can Oxford heal itself?

The fast-growing HMO was hammered on Wall Street after revealing its massive computer problems. Those foul-ups are being fixed, but now comes the hard part--reclaiming the trust of stunned shareholders and outraged doctors.