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排序方式: 共有98条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
81.
Daniel Halbheer Ernst Fehr Lorenz Goette Armin Schmutzler 《Games and Economic Behavior》2009,67(2):481-502
Are initial competitive advantages self-reinforcing, so that markets exhibit an endogenous tendency to be dominated by only a few firms? Although this question is of great economic importance, no systematic empirical study has yet addressed it. Therefore, we examine experimentally whether firms with an initial cost advantage are more likely to invest in marginal cost reductions than firms with higher initial costs. We find that the initial competitive advantages are indeed self-reinforcing, but subjects in the role of firms overinvest relative to the Nash equilibrium. However, the pattern of overinvestment even strengthens the tendency towards self-reinforcing cost advantages relative to the theoretical prediction. Further, as predicted by the Nash equilibrium, mean-preserving spreads of the initial cost distribution have no effects on aggregate investments. Finally, investment spillovers reduce investment, and investment is higher than the joint-profit maximizing benchmark for the case without spillovers and lower for the case with spillovers. 相似文献
82.
Detlef Lorenz 《Intereconomics》1978,13(7-8):169-173
In spite of all protestations and exhortations it is a fact that trade liberalization, the modern version of free trade, is caught in a crisis. Professor Detlef Lorenz is here analysing the causes of this crisis and suggesting alternatives for a future liberalization policy. 相似文献
83.
Review of World Economics - This paper examines the drivers of the retrenchment in cross-border banking in the European Union (EU) since the global financial crisis, which stands out in... 相似文献
84.
Relatively few empirical studies address the question of generic relationships between consumers and brands. But a relationship‐oriented brand communication seems to have become increasingly important to companies. In this article, the authors present details of a study on generic consumer–brand relationships conducted in Germany. Based on the data of more than 900 consumers, four different types of consumer–brand relationships emerge, characterized as “best friendship,” “unemotional purpose‐based relationship,” “loose contact,” and “happy partnership.” An extended analysis of the data using advanced statistical methods supports these findings to a high degree. Furthermore, as the results of the extended analysis also suggest, numerous well‐known brands often appear within less favorable relationships like “unemotional purpose‐based relationship” and “loose contact.” These findings indicate important shortcomings of relationship‐oriented brand management in many companies and suggest the need for further work in this area. 相似文献
85.
KURZ KOMMENTIERT
Kurz Kommentiert 相似文献86.
After the euro changeover at the beginning of 2002, a marked discrepancy emerged between perceived inflation and inflation
as measured by the consumer price index. To what extent are consumers still overestimating price developments even now? How
reliably is this phenomenon measured by the “Index of perceived inflation” developed by Professor Brachinger? What are the
findings of the consumer surveys conducted on behalf of the European Commission?
This article represents the personal opinions of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the views of the Deutsche Bundesbank. 相似文献
This article represents the personal opinions of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the views of the Deutsche Bundesbank. 相似文献
87.
Matthias G. W. Schmidt Hermann Held Elmar Kriegler Alexander Lorenz 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2013,54(1):79-99
We highlight that uncertainty about climate damages and the fact that damages will be distributed heterogeneously across the global population can jointly be an argument for substantially stricter climate policy even if uncertainty and heterogeneity in isolation are not. The reason is that a given climate risk borne by fewer people implies greater welfare losses. However, these losses turn out to be significant only if society is both risk and inequality averse and if climate damages are highly heterogeneous. We discuss how insurance and self-insurance of climate risk could theoretically mitigate this joint effect of uncertainty and heterogeneity and thus admit weaker climate policy. Insurance provides more efficient risk sharing and self-insurance allows strongly impacted individuals to compensate damages by increasing savings. We first use a simple analytical model to introduce the different concepts and then provide more realistic results from the integrated assessment model DICE. 相似文献
88.
Charlotte von Reichenau Alexander Bilimovič Rolf Wagenführ Theodor Steimle Carl Iversen Alfred Amonn Justus Hashagen Rudolf Stucken Otto Veit Peter Quante Paul Berkenkopf Alexander Mahr Gertrud Savelsberg Leopold Mayer Hanns Linhardt Paul Lorenz Florian Gröll Hermann Lindrath Reinhard Kamitz Robert Wilbrandt Karl Muhs Arnold Knoblich Reinhard Kamitz Arnold Madlé Hans Peter Wilhelm Neidl Helfried Pfeifer Max Stadler 《Journal of Economics》1943,10(3-4):511-559
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
89.
90.
Zur Zeit wird das Stra?ennetz in Deutschland aus den Haushaltsmitteln der ?ffentlichen Kassen finanziert. In den letzten Monaten
wurde auf Ministerebene wiederholt die Einführung einer entfernungsunabh?ngigen PKW-Vignette diskutiert. In welcher Form sollten
die optimale Bereitstellung und die Finanzierung des Stra?ennetzes aus finanzwissenschaftlicher Perspektive realisiert werden?
Dr. Adam Jakubowski, 35, ist Head of Research bei sc-consult GmbH in Münster; Dr. Christian Lorenz, 34, ist Consultant am
Centre for International Migration and Development in Frankfurt. 相似文献