基于缓解拥堵目标的城市轨道交通定价策略研究

当前,许多城市被交通拥堵问题所困扰,纷纷开始兴建轨道交通.然而一些城市在轨道交通建成后,城市交通拥堵问题并未得到缓解.基于对出行层次的划分和轨道交通功能的定位,分析了轨道交通不能吸引私家车主转乘轨道交通的原因.以宁波市为例测算了私家车出行成本,结合公交车票价、利用弹性原理确定了城市轨道交通的合理定价区间,并提出了相应的保障措施.     

采用FOB贸易术语出口的风险及其防范

近年由于运费不断上涨,我国超过70%的出口都是采用FOB贸易术语.但用FOB若由买方指定货代公司或者船公司,或买方规定以自己为提单的收、发货人,卖方经常会出现钱货两空的局面;同时该术语规定卖方还要承担货物越过船舷之前的风险.故卖方在选用该术语时一定要争取自己来指定货代、投保陆运险和力争用信用证结算方式等有针对性的措施来防范其中的风险.     

数字混沌扩频序列的盲估计

混沌序列具有非线性、宽带类噪声、大的码族、任意长的周期且容易产生的特性,因此在扩频通信系统中很有实用价值。本文将文献[1]中对伪随机扩频序列盲估计的方法推广应用到混沌扩频通信中,并对其不足提出了改进方法。在只知道扩频码周期而无其它任何先验知识的条件下,利用特征值分析的方法可以对数字混沌直扩序列进行盲估计,仿真实验证明了该方法的有效性。     

Conflict resolution in Africa

In an attempt to draw lessons from African experience with conflictresolution, this paper examines three disputes: the WesternSahara conflict between Morocco and the Polisario, the thirty-yeararmed strife between North and South Sudan and the emergenceof the breakaway Somaliland following the overthrow of SiadBarre. The Western Sahara dispute, under consideration by theUnited Nations since 1965, would have long been settled hadit not been for late King Hassan's intransigence, US supportof his unjust claim to sovereignty of the former Spanish colonyand the reluctance of African leaders to incur his displeasure.The Southern Sudan was the victim of well-nigh-complete neglectunder the British colonial administration and, thanks to theprejudice and shortsightedness of Northern politicians, it hasfaired even worse after independence. Memories of past slaveryhave been rankled by present injustice and marginalisation.Moreover, any hope for reconciliation has been shattered bythe determination of the ruling Islamic fundamentalist regimeof Khartoum to transform the Sudan into an out-and-out Islamicstate. The former British protectorate of Somaliland, drivenby the irredentism then prevailing among the Somali-speakingpeople scattered in different parts of East Africa, precipitated,a week after independence, into union with the former Italian-administeredtrust territory to form the Republic of Somalia on 26 June 1965.Ten years after independence, however, Siad Barre seized powerby coup d'ét ushering two decades of misrule characterisedby a sinister mix of clanism, nepotism and an ignorant understandingof scientific socialism. Resentment which at first took theform of peaceful, political opposition in the north graduallydeveloped into a full-fledged countrywide civil war. When SiadBarre was overthrown, anarchy ensued in Mogadiscio. By contrast,the Somalilanders succeeded, through a series of traditionallystyled conferences, in resolving tribal conflicts, disbandingtribal militias and establishing a primordial but working systemof government. But the OAU, the Arab League and the rest ofthe international community rewarded them by refusing to recogniseSomaliland's claim to separate statehood.     

北京地区林木损失额的价值计量研究——有关区位价值系数计量方法的探讨

运用区位论、级差地租论等一系列的相关理论,在分析区位价值的影响因素(即区位因素)对区位价值影响程度的基础上,选取人口密度和经济密集度2个数量指标来反映区位价值的大小,并进一步提出了区位价值系数的计算思路和方法,通过相关数据的统计计算,确定了北京地区各区县的区位价值系数。     

WTO反倾销制度与竞争政策的关联与冲突

贸易自由化与竞争政策目标在本质上具有一致性,决定了WTO的政策目标和法律体系中必须包括竞争政策,否则就是不完整的.但WTO反倾销制度与竞争政策之间存在相当程度的差异与冲突,在实践中反倾销制度正日益取代保障措施成为"保护工具的上策",必须对其进行改革.     

大庆市滨水景观建设中公众参与的研究

分析了大庆市滨水景观建设中公众参与缺失的原因，及缺乏公众参与所造成的影响，阐述了公众参与在滨水景观建设中作用，提出解决城市规划与建设中公众参与的对策。     

论外语学习中制约学习者自主学习的心理因素

该文探讨了自主学习这一新的教学理念,并结合我国社会的实际情况,从认知、情感、文化行为和系统因素四个方面全面阐述了妨碍学习者自主学习的心理因素以及形成机制,并深入探讨这些因素对学习者自主学习的影响,以期能帮助学习者克服心理障碍,尽快达到自主学习的水平。     

农地确权、信贷配给释缓与农村金融的深度发展*

作为一项基础性、制度环境层面的变革，农地确权帮助更多农户进入金融市场、促进农村金融宽度意义上的“量”变作用已经初步显现。但是，它是否可以提高农户贷款数量，缓解信贷配给并促进农村金融深度意义上的“质”变？这是一个重要但鲜有研究的问题。本文从供给、需求、交易成本、价格、风险配给等角度，分析了农地确权缓解信贷配给、促进农村金融深度发展的理论机理，并通过有序多分类变量回归及倾向得分匹配方法进行实证分析。研究表明，农地确权对农户金融参与深度的影响主要表现为：因降低信息成本而缓解价格配给，因弱化农户的损失规避心理而缓解风险配给；同时，数量配给和交易成本配给的释缓作用尚未充分显示。     

松散破碎岩土体注浆结石体效果参数预测模型

注浆技术可用来加固松散破碎岩土体,以提高其工程承载能力.在目前相关研究成果的基础上,依据数值分析方法探讨了松散破碎岩土体注浆结石体超声波波速、弹性模量2个效果参数预测模型,同时利用注浆试验进行了验证.研究结果表明:由这些模型分别计算得到的超声波波速、弹性模量预测值均大于实测值,但二者均相差不大且其相对误差均小于10％.因此,本文构建的松散破碎岩土体注浆结石体超声波波速、弹性模量2个效果参数预测模型能用来分别预测采用注浆加固松散破碎岩土体的超声波波速、弹性模量等效果参数指标.