区域农村贫困格局的形成:空间依赖、空间分异与尺度效应

从“人地关系地域系统”视角,基于等级理论构建了一个分析框架,通过解析贫困空间依赖和分异格局成因的尺度机制（重点关注差异与关联）,来理解宏观与微观因素的相互关系。对甘肃省六盘山片区村级和乡镇贫困进行了计量实证研究,结果表明：(1)行政村尺度对案例区贫困格局及成因的解释度更好,但乡镇尺度上过程不容忽视。(2)宏观经济社会情境因素对微观上村级和乡镇贫困具有显著影响,作用方式具有多元化特点,作用强度在乡镇尺度上大于村级尺度。(3)宏观情境因素与本地因素对贫困格局的形成存在交互增强且因尺度而异的协同关系。另外,还比较了不同等级系统（行政区划系统和重新构建的贫困分区系统、地理分区系统）下的结果差异,发现行政区划系统不是解析贫困格局成因的最佳选择,它会掩盖和扭曲部分因素的影响,而贫困分区系统能更好地描述“真实的”的贫困形成过程。以上表明,中国精准扶贫战略将重心下沉到村和户是现实合理选择,但以“适度漫灌”来夯实宏观上经济基础和补齐公共服务短板在甘肃六盘山片区仍有重要意义,而各级各地政府或组织形成共同但有侧重的协作理念和方式是重要保障。同时,高效可持续的贫困治理在行政机制外尚需强化市场和社会机制。     

城镇化视角下的农村人力资本投资研究

本文在分析农村人力资本投资对城镇化的重要作用的基础上,指出了当前农村人力资本投资中存在的影响城镇化发展的种种不足.最后,在城镇化的视角下,提出了改善农村人力资本投资的建议.     

Optimal Tax Policy, Market Imperfections, and Environmental Externalities in a Dynamic Optimizing Macro Model

This paper develops a dynamic real business cycle model that highlights pollution externalities (on welfare and production) and market imperfections and uses it to determine the socially optimal tax policy that encompasses labor income, capital income, and emission taxes. We show that the optimal tax on capital and labor income only addresses the production inefficiency (and is time-invariant), while the tax on the environmental externalities affects both the production inefficiency and the environmental spillovers (and is time-varying). More interestingly, the socially optimal emission tax will be characterized by a Keynesian-like stabilizer that is designed to mitigate business cycle fluctuations, i.e., that will stimulate the economy with a lower emission tax during recessions. In a positive analysis, we show that the beneficial effects arising from pollution taxation will become larger the greater is the degree of the firms' monopoly power. In addition, a triple dividend in terms of improving environmental quality and increasing employment and firms' profit can be simultaneously realized if the environmental production externality is more significant and if the elasticity of intertemporal substitution in consumption is relatively small.     

批发市场对农产品供应链的信息阻滞及其克服

在分析农产品批发市场的历史作用和现状的基础上,详细阐述了以批发市场为核心的农产品流通体系的特点,及对市场信息的阻滞影响。同时指出培育农产品供应链核心企业,并取代农产品批发市场发挥核心作用．是解决供应链信息阻滞的有效途径之一,最后探讨了围绕核心企业来建立农产品供应链的两种运作模式。     

两种药品价格相关规制政策的分析与建议

平行进口及外部参考定价是各国普遍使用的降低药品价格的规制政策。尽管对于这两种政策有诸多反对意见,如它们损害了知识产权、打击了药品研发积极性,但本文进行深入分析后,肯定了它们在我国现阶段对降低药品价格的重大意义。最后,本文在建议如何综合运用此两种政策降低国内药价的同时还探讨了应如何采用非价格方式有选择的激励研发以及充分利用药品价格管理政策,提高应急时刻的议价能力的必要性。     

Review on the Study of the Allocation of Corporate Control in Enterprise Theory

With the establishment of a modem corporate system, the separation of ownership and management appears in the company. The rational allocation of corporate control between different behavioral agents has attracted more and more attention. This paper points out that scholars have studied the allocation of corporate control from the angles of the agency cost theory, property rights theory, corporate finance theory, and the theory of corporate governance, which has great value. However, the existing theories also have some flaws on the allocation of corporate control. First, people still have different understandings and views over the meaning of corporate control. Secondly, the existing research theoretically only observes and studies an arrangement of sheer level control, the allocation between final control and real control. This paper argues to build the two-tier allocation of corporate control： The first tier relation is between ultimate control rights and actual control rights, the second tier relation is between indirect control rights and direct control rights which are in actual control rights. This study can explain the resource allocation effects of corporate control, promote the development and improvement of the theory of the firm.     

论政策执行中的人力资源管理

公共政策执行中的人力资源管理指的是在公共政策践行中建立健全人力资源的选拔、培训、激励、监督等运行机制,激励和挖掘人才潜能,使人力资源在公共政策执行中得到有效开发、合理利用和优化配置。目前我国公共政策执行中人力资源管理存在着管理体制僵化,人治现象严重,用人中的不正之风犹存,人才结构失衡等问题。因此,在人力资源管理中,应树立以人为本管理理念,建立学习型组织,创立良好的用人环境,加强人力资源开发与培训,建立健全激励机制。     

税法与会计规范的融合性思考

税法和会计规范有其各自的目标、原则、业务规范,两者之间本质性的差异应该长期存在并且可以合理地扩大,而两者之间形式上或时间上的差异应该缩小并且最终消除。税务会计是两者之间的有效沟通桥梁。     

西部旅游生态环境系统维护的社区参与研究

西部地区是我国生态旅游资源最丰富的地区,同时也是生态系统极其脆弱的地区。近几年西部地区旅游业大发展的同时生态环境遭受较严重破坏,而社区居民参与维护旅游生态环境系统的积极性未被充分调动起来。为此,应坚持社区居民受益原则,采用股份制完善利益分配方式;提高管理层的社区参与意识,拓展社区参与途径;采取措施实现社区“人的发展”及社区参与层次的提高等,使社区居民积极参与到旅游生态环境系统维护中。     

现行土地制度下的农村环境问题及解决途径

在现行土地制度下,由于小农式农作方式在解决外部性生态环境问题上的缺陷,导致农业生态环境逐年恶化.本文指出,解决我国农村生态环境问题的途径是引导农民树立良好的环境意识,促进农业科技创新以及制订和完善保持农业生态平衡的环境政策.