我国垄断行业收入与经济增长关系的实证研究——基于面板协整理论

基于1990—2008年我国垄断行业收入的面板数据,通过面板协整、Engle-Granger检验以及运用误差修正模型对我国垄断行业的收入水平与经济增长的长期关系进行分析。研究结果显示:与能源、交通相关的垄断行业的收入与经济增长之间存在长期稳定的协整关系;与能源相关的垄断行业的收入对经济增长具有正向影响,而与交通相关的垄断行业的收入对经济增长的影响不太显著;金融保险业和房地产业的收入与经济增长之间并不存在长期稳定的面板协整关系。     

Trade‐led growth hypothesis in Cuban commercial regimes since 19601,2

This study examines the impact of trade on Cuban growth during different commercial policy regimes spanning the period from 1960 up to 2004, encompassing two essential economic structural transformations: the Cuban revolution and the fall of the Berlin Wall. For this purpose, the Granger causality is used by means of the modified Wald test for augmented‐level vector autoregressive model with integrated and cointegrated processes introduced by Toda and Yamamoto (1995) and Dolado and Lutekepohl (1996) . We show an import‐led growth hypothesis during the Soviet‐oriented pattern that is rejected after 1990, when exports are not only responsive to growth expansion but also to imports’ behaviour.     

中国民营经济的发展瓶颈及对策研究

经过三十多年的发展,民营经济已经占据中国国民经济的半壁江山。虽然中国民营经济总量较大,但个体规模大多较小,技术水平偏低,产品和服务创新能力较弱,其进一步发展面临诸多因素制约。各级政府要进一步转变经济管理职能,正确处理国有企业与民营企业的关系,优化民营企业的市场竞争环境,切实落实促进民营经济发展的方针政策。民营企业也要抓住有利时机,强化管理制度改革,重视科技和人才工作,走合作发展之路。     

民国徽商、乡村工业与地方市场——培本有限公司经营账簿研究

民国初年培本有限公司经营账簿系统完整,类型多样,内容丰富。账簿完整地记录了培本有限公司生产经营等活动,较为细致地展示出近代徽商经营乡村工业的实态。这批账簿揭示了徽商经营乡村工业与地方资本市场、商品流通市场和劳动力市场的关系,也反映出近代徽商转型的若干特点。     

新疆棉农残膜回收行为影响因素及实证研究*——基于棉农的调研数据

［目的］为响应农业农村部“农业绿色发展五大行动”,加强农业面源污染防治,缓解新疆棉田残膜危害,基于新疆棉农的问卷调查研究棉农的残膜回收行为。［方法］采用描述性统计和Logistic回归模型分析影响新疆棉农残膜回收行为的因素。［结果］（1）新疆农用地膜回收率低,地膜污染形势严峻。（2）棉农对残膜危害认知缺乏,对残膜回收的间接价值认识不足,影响新疆残膜回收效率。（3）残膜回收的成本收益是影响棉农残膜回收行为的关键因素,其他如棉农年龄、种棉年限、对残膜危害的认知等自身特征,以及农户劳动力数量、政府对残膜污染的关注程度等因素对棉农的残膜回收行为有重要影响。［结论］网络及电视广播等现代媒体对棉农的残膜危害认知水平有较大影响,棉农更愿意采用成本更节约的焚烧、堆地的残膜处理方式。因此提出引导棉农残膜回收、提高棉田残膜回收效率的对策建议。     

美俄竞逐南亚的战略及中国的对策

中美俄三国关系是当今世界最重要的大国关系,三国关系的发展对地区及世界的影响重大。美俄从各自的国家利益出发,在南亚地区进行博弈,以满足各自的战略需求。印度借力美俄之间的博弈,打压巴基斯坦,制衡中国,以实现其＂大国梦想＂。本文探讨了美国与俄罗斯竞逐南亚的战略需求以及中国的对策。     

数字信号处理器

本文简述了国内目前应用的第一代数字信号处理器TNTEL 2920,介绍了开始开发的第二代产品TMS32020。     

Convergence analysis and optimal strike choice for static hedges of general path-independent pay-offs

In this paper, we propose a new algorithm to find the optimal static replicating portfolios for general path-independent nonlinear pay-off functions and give an estimate for the rate of convergence that is absent in the literature. We choose the static replication by designing an adaptation function arising in the error bound between the nonlinear pay-off function and the linear spline approximation and derive the equidistribution equation for selecting the optimal strikes. The numerical tests for variance swaps, swaptions, static quadratic hedges and also for a jump-diffusion process, allowing for the default of the underlying asset, show that the proposed iterative equidistribution equation algorithm is simple, fast and accurate. The paper generalizes and improves the results on static replication and approximation in the literature.     

基于面板数据的中国商业银行效率实证分析

针对以往参数方法存在权重确定困难的问题,本文提出了一种基于面板数据的银行效率评价的非参数方法（BEE）,同时构造了相应的数学模型（M-BEE）。然后,应用（M-BEE）模型对中国四家国有银行、八家股份制商业银行2001-2008年的经济效率状况进行了实证分析,结果表明,八年间中国12家商业银行的综合效率呈现逐年递增趋势,纯技术效率呈现先下降后上升的U型特征,规模效率缓慢上升,变化不显著;2006-2007年我国12家商业银行的综合效率和纯技术效率整体上都有大幅提升;八家股份制银行的综合效率和纯技术效率均明显高于四大国有银行。     

The Impact of Farmland Transfers on Agricultural Investment in China: A Perspective of Transaction Cost Economics

There is growing concern that farmland transfers lead to less agricultural investment, which may adversely affect agricultural productivity growth in China. Prior research has primarily focused on the differences between owned cultivated land and rented plots, but little is known about how farmland transfers between relatives, which are popular in rural China, specifically affect agricultural investment. In this paper, we present a conceptual framework of transaction cost economics to compare different contracting strategies in China's farmland rental markets. As farmland rental markets in China are immature, land transfer between relatives establishes bilateral governance, which has the advantage of addressing the opportunistic activities of both parties and can ultimately increase investment by tenants. Based on data from two waves of household surveys, we empirically examine the impact of bilateral governance on the application of organic fertilizer, an indicator for agricultural investment. Our findings show that apart from economic factors, kinship is important to the functioning of farmland rental markets in rural areas.