Approach and Avoidance Motivation: Investigating Hedonic Consumption in a Retail Setting

Retail shopping studies often conclude that desirable shopper behaviors, such as spending more money, indicate underlying approach motivation, while undesirable behaviors, such as leaving the store, indicate underlying avoidance motivation. However, hedonic consumption would seem to provide an opportunity not only for approaching fun and excitement but also for avoiding problems and stress in everyday life. This study investigates approach and avoidance motivations in a hedonic consumption context. Results show that both approach and avoidance motivation lead to heightened hedonic motivations for shopping and to more positive shopper evaluations. Additional investigation reveals several differences by gender and across four shopping contexts. Several theoretical and managerial implications are offered.     

汽轮机安全监测系统探头安装及注意事项

安全监视系统(TSI)是保证汽轮机安全稳定运行的保护系统,包括对汽轮机转子的运行状况进行可靠的连续检测、对汽缸的机械工作参数连续地测量,记录机组启停和运行状态。通过各种TSI探头,汽轮机运转过程中的工况变化产生电信号输入到前置器,为记录、记忆设备提供信号。     

CAD/PDM系统中数据双向传递关键技术研究

本文针对CAD/PDM中数据传递关键技术进行研究,提出一种数据属性双向映射机制,实现了PDM系统数据与CAD系统数据的双向交换,为PDM系统和CAD系统之间实现无缝集成提供了一种新的方法,提高了PDM实施的工作效率。     

Anti-corruption,government subsidies,and investment efficiency

The problem of corruption in socio-economic development has long been a focus of academics and practitioners. To address this concern in China, the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China instituted a new anti-corruption policy. In this paper, we examine the impact of this recently enacted anti-corruption policy on the investment efficiency of subsidized enterprises from the perspective of government subsidies. We conclude that government subsidies have a significant positive impact on the overinvestment behavior of enterprises and that the anti-corruption work done by the government has effectively restrained the excessive investment behavior of government-subsidized enterprises. Further, we find that the anti-corruption policy is more effective in restricting overinvestment in subsidized state-owned enterprises than in non-state-owned enterprises. We examine the impact of the anti-corruption policy on excessive investment caused by government subsidies and enrich the body of research related to investment efficiency. We also provide empirical support for further research on the anti-corruption policy at the macro-market and micro-enterprise levels. The findings highlight the need to establish new cooperation between government and enterprises, to rationalize the distribution of administrative resources, and to promote the sustained and healthy development of the national economy.     

Employee responsibility in benefit change

If employers want to move employees beyond superficial acceptance of benefit changes, organizations need to increase the focus on how they manage the change process and support employee decision making. This article describes how employers can help workers understand changes and, through effective change management and communication, successfully navigate in an evolving benefits world. Using recent survey research about large employer and employee attitudes, the authors demonstrate tangible proof that these efforts pay off, both in financial and cultural terms.     

The swing voter's curse with adversarial preferences

We analyze voting behavior in a large electorate in which voters have adversarial state-contingent preferences with incomplete information about the state of the world. We show that one type of voter can suffer from the swing voter's curse à la Feddersen and Pesendorfer [The swing voter's curse, Amer. Econ. Rev. 86 (1996) 408-424], and go on to characterize the symmetric Nash equilibria of this model under different parameter values. We prove that unlike settings with nonadversarial preferences, there are equilibria in which in one state of the world, a minority-preferred candidate almost surely wins the election and thus the election may fail to correctly aggregate information. Indeed, we show that the fraction of the electorate dissatisfied with the result can be as large as .     

“三从四德”与封建女性行为规范的形成

董仲舒由“阳尊阴卑”出发,确立了“夫尊妇卑”的伦理规范,并在此之上,提出“夫为妻纲”的道德准则。在这一准则的指导下,董氏又继承了刘向对“三从”的解释,将原本属于礼制规范的“三从”,扩大为女性行为规范。后,班昭在认可女性“卑弱”身份的前提下,详细阐释了《周礼·天官》中的“四德”,使之成为禁锢女性行为的枷锁。     

搞好客服文化建设,提高企业服务竞争力

企业客服人员是直接面向客户的团队,服务水平的高低直接影响着企业的客户满意度和企业的名誉。文章先分析了企业重视客服工作的必要性,然后从企业的软环境和硬环境两个方面分析了如何提高员工对企业的满意度和忠诚度。软环境方面包括员工的思想的统一、员工的技能的提高、团队精神的建设、员工的激励活动,硬环境包括客服部门办公室的布置、绿化、空气、光线、颜色、声音,文章重点分析了这些因素对员工工作的影响,并提出了解决方案。