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Alexander Krammer Bernd Heinrich Matthias Henneberger Florian Lautenbacher 《Business & Information Systems Engineering》2011,3(6):345-358
Service-oriented architectures are widely discussed as a design principle for application and enterprise architectures. Nevertheless,
an adequate granularity of services has not yet been researched sufficiently from an economic perspective. The finer the granularity
to realize the functions of a process, the higher the number of services is, and the more effort has to be directed towards
composing them. In contrast, very coarse-grained services bear the disadvantages of higher implementation costs and lower
reuse potential (e.g., in different processes). The aim of the decision model proposed in this paper is to determine an adequate
granularity of services from an economical perspective. Thus, degrees of freedom, which often exist for the choice of granularity
after a domain analysis, can be leveraged to realize a cost-efficient solution. We illustrate the applicability and practical
benefits of the decision model with an example from the context of a financial services provider. 相似文献
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Alliances and other forms of cooperation between firms often promise great benefits, for example, by the exchange of knowledge or co‐specialization of resources. At the same time, the necessary actions to realize these benefits can augment vulnerability to opportunistic behaviour of partners. In addition to formal contracts to mitigate the resulting behavioural uncertainties, often, mechanisms, such as reputation or ethical values, are suggested as important supplements. However, when it comes to assessment of a specific cooperation opportunity, it is difficult to account systematically for the economic consequences of these ‘softer factors’. Therefore, this paper aims to surpass mere financial analysis of chance and risk and to integrate systematically both reputation and ethical values into an economic assessment of cooperative relationships. For this purpose, we develop a theoretical framework that is based on a simple‐decision model to account for reputation and ethical values of potential partners as drivers of behavioural uncertainty reduction. We also discuss how this framework can be used to assess cooperative relationships and illustrate these ideas with reference to the inter‐organizational accounting practices of a large drugstore chain and its suppliers. 相似文献
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This paper uses a composite measure to examine why some countries attract more foreign direct investment (FDI) than others. The measure considers all identified, measurable, and comparable socioeconomic aspects that affect FDI decisions on an aggregated country level. As a result, we can rank 127 countries with respect to their FDI attraction. The measure allows detailed strength and weakness analyses and enhances the discussion of why FDI flows are concentrated in advanced economies. Additionally, the findings reveal the areas in which emerging countries should improve in order to narrow existing gaps. Our robustness checks indicate that the composite measure accurately tracks real FDI activity. 相似文献
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A two sector model of learning-by-doing measured by means of production aggregated over time and of human capital accumulation in a schooling sector is presented. Time utilization is rival between schooling and learning-by-doing. Depending on the sum of elasticities of the accumulated factors (i.e., of production experience and educational human capital) in both sectors, a situation with or without endogenous growth results. Dynamic optimization of the choice between leisure and working and of the division of human capital between education and production is executed. Transitional dynamics are analyzed for a Cobb-Douglas example and a numerical simulation is performed.JEL classification: C61, D90, O41.Acknowledgements The author would like to thank Eric C. Meyer and two anonymous referees for helpful comments. The usual caveats apply.revised version received November 23, 2003 相似文献
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This paper studies the price‐setting problem of market makers under risk neutrality and perfect competition in continuous time. The classic approach of Glosten–Milgrom is followed. Bid and ask prices are defined as conditional expectations of a true value of the asset given the market makers' partial information that includes the customers' trading decisions. The true value is modeled as a Markov process that can be observed by the customers with some noise at Poisson times. A mathematically rigorous analysis of the price‐setting problem is carried out, solving a filtering problem with endogenous filtration that depends on the bid and ask price processes quoted by the market maker. The existence and uniqueness of the bid and ask price processes is shown under some conditions. 相似文献
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Entrepreneurial Marketing (EM) will dem schwindenden Einfluss klassischer Medien entgegentreten. Bei den Konsumenten soll
ein glaubwürdiges, anschlussf?higes Produktimage ankommen. So baut EM auf unkonventionelle Ma?nahmen zur Erzeugung von Aufmerksamkeit
(Buzz Marketing), die exponentielle Diffusion von Kommunikationsinhalten (Viral Marketing), die Nutzung von Communities (Community
Marketing) oder die (Aus-)Nutzung der Marketingma?nahmen der Konkurrenz (Ambush Marketing), und versucht, mit geringem Mitteleinsatz
hohe Wirkungen zu erzielen (Guerilla Marketing). 相似文献