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排序方式: 共有119条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Torsten Tewes Peter Dobias H. H. Taake Hans R. KrÄmer Carsten R. Moser 《Review of World Economics》1973,109(1):A19-A25
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
92.
93.
Better Technology, Better Plots, or Better Farmers? Identifying Changes in Productivity and Risk among Malagasy Rice Farmers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Christopher B. Barrett Christine M. Moser Oloro V. McHugh and Joeli Barison 《American journal of agricultural economics》2004,86(4):869-888
We introduce a method for properly attributing observed productivity and risk changes among new production methods, farmers, and plots by controlling for farmer and plot heterogeneity. Results from Madagascar show that the new system of rice intensification (SRI) is indeed a superior technology. Although about half of the observed productivity gains appear due to farmer characteristics rather than SRI itself, the technology generates the estimated average output gains of more than 84%. The increased estimated yield risk associated with SRI would nonetheless make it unattractive to many farmers within the standard range of relative risk aversion. 相似文献
94.
Ex‐ante Evaluation of Policy Measures: Effects of Reward and Punishment for Fertiliser Reduction in Palm Oil Production
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Palm oil production creates negative externalities, e.g. through intensive fertiliser application. Policies to limit externalities need an effective, sustainable and efficient measure We use a business simulation game in a framed field experiment in Indonesia to test ex‐ante different incentives for reducing such negative externalities. This setting allows inclusion of adequate contextual features, required for reasonable ex‐ante evaluation of policy measures. The different designs of the test incentives (either a reward or punishment) varied in their magnitude and probability of occurrence but with constant effects on expected income. Results show that participants react differently to these incentives, indicating that the design can contribute significantly to effectiveness, sustainability or efficiency. A high reward with a low probability was found to be the most effective and sustainable incentive. Moreover, for the most efficient design, a low and certain reward is indicated. 相似文献
95.
96.
Lea Mergemeier Jessica Moser Tessa Christina Flatten 《Entrepreneurship & Regional Development》2018,30(7-8):848-876
This study examines the influence of multiple constraints encountered by nascent entrepreneurs (NEs) in their current phase of the venture creation process – disengaged, still trying or started – and on their start-up intention after disengagement. Drawing on a sample of 1872 German NEs collated in 2014, we extend the literature in the field of nascent entrepreneurship and encountered constraints. By applying the theories of planned behaviour and appraisal as an overarching theoretical foundation, we develop our hypotheses. We find that individuals who have recently abandoned their venture have faced significantly more constraints than other NEs. A deeper analysis reveals that financing difficulties and especially certain personal characteristics impede venture creation. Furthermore, our results show that constraints beyond an NE’s own control are lethal for the continuance of the intention to create a new business. We derive important implications for NEs, entrepreneurship education and policymakers. 相似文献
97.
ABSTRACT Name-your-own-price (NYOP), a pricing strategy often referred to as a reverse auction, is a participative pricing mechanism in which consumers have a relatively high control over the price they pay for a product or service. In an NYOP mechanism, buyers generate the final price of a product or service when they bid above an unrevealed threshold price set by the seller. Although NYOP as a pricing strategy was previously investigated, the literature remains scarce and fragmented. This paper attempts to assemble the relevant findings of this pricing strategy, by systematically reviewing all publications from 2001 to 2017. We explored the impacts of this mechanism for companies and consumers, such as increased profit for companies and higher savings for consumers, reduced competition for companies and increased satisfaction for consumers. We also highlighed the best practices of NYOP, such as the bidding practices, threshold price, and willingness to pay. 相似文献
98.
John H. Evans III Donald V. Moser Andrew H. Newman Bryan R. Stikeleather 《Contemporary Accounting Research》2016,33(4):1375-1402
Firms have increasingly adopted open work environments. Although openness is thought to have benefits, it could also expose firms to an unanticipated cost. An open (closed) internal reporting environment makes it more (less) likely that managers will observe a colleague's communications with senior executives. This increase in what one manager knows about another manager's communication to senior executives could facilitate employee collusion to extract resources from the firm. To test whether internal reporting openness results in more collusion, we conduct an experiment in which two managers each make separate reports to the firm about cost information they know in common but that remains unknown by the firm. Because both managers face the same truth‐inducing contract, conventional economic theory predicts that they will not collude to misreport costs regardless of reporting openness. However, using behavioral theory involving trust and reciprocity, we predict and find that managers honor their nonbinding collusive agreements and successfully collude more often in an open versus closed internal reporting environment, leading to lower firm welfare in the open environment. These results suggest that firms should consider how the cost of collusion compares to the benefits of openness. 相似文献
99.
We examine the relation between accounting-based debt contracts and the economic response of firms with trust preferred stock
(TPS) to mandated liability recognition under Financial Accounting Standard (FAS) 150. Our results show that firms’ financial
covenants significantly affect their choice to redeem versus reclassify their outstanding TPS. Specifically, firms with bank
debt covenants that would be adversely impacted by recognizing TPS as a debt liability are 26.88% more likely to redeem their
TPS after FAS 150. We also find that firms are significantly more likely to redeem versus reclassify their TPS after FAS 150
if they used the original TPS proceeds to retire existing debt (id est, to enhance their balance sheets). Our findings suggest
that when bank debt contracts use “floating” Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) to construct financial covenant
terms, changes in the underlying GAAP measure significantly influence firms’ economic behavior. 相似文献
100.
The complex dynamics of smallholder technology adoption: the case of SRI in Madagascar 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
This article explores the dynamics of smallholder technology adoption, with particular reference to a high‐yielding, low external input rice production method in Madagascar. We present a simple model of technology adoption by farm households in an environment of incomplete financial and land markets. We then use a probit model and symmetrically censored least squares estimation of a dynamic tobit model to analyze the decisions to adopt, expand, and disadopt the method. We find that seasonal liquidity constraints discourage adoption by poorer farmers. Learning effects—both from extension agents and from other farmers—exert significant influence over adoption decisions. 相似文献