Soziale Marktwirtschaft in der Sinnkrise

Ohne Zusammenfassung Nils Goldschmidt hat eine Vertretungsprofessur für Sozialpolitik und Organisation Sozialer Dienstleistungen an der Universit?t der Bundeswehr München     

Spare the Young Fish: Optimal Harvesting Policies for North-East Arctic Cod

The North-East Arctic cod (Gadus morhua) fishery, as most other commercial fisheries, is wasting the larger part of its potential. Examining a detailed multi-cohort, multi-gear bioeconomic model, we show that the cause is rather a too small mesh size than excessive effort. Although internationally and nationally managed by quota allocations and regulations, the current exploitation pattern implies that essentially the wrong fish are targeted. Catching older and heavier fish could double the fishery’s Net-Present-Value. This increases harvested biomass while it reduces the number of fish removed from the ocean, highlighting the importance of age- and gear-specific modeling. Moreover, optimal harvesting policies would also lead to a much more robust and abundant cod stock.     

An Evaluation of the One-Time Capital Gains Exclusion for Older Homeowners

This paper provides an evaluation of the one-time capital gains exclusion for older homeowners. This provision was largely intended to prevent large capital gains tax liabilities from locking older households into current, and possibly inappropriate, housing. We find the exclusion facilitates a modest number of moves, through not entirely of the downscaling type intended by Congress. Among beneficiaries, the distribution of benefits appears to be highly regressive. Modest benefits are also found to be enjoyed by the real estate and mortgage industries. Revenue losses are estimated and found to be significantly larger than estimates provided by the Treasury Department.     

How Did Workers Benefit from Bolivia's Emergency Social Fund?

Bolivia's Emergency Social Fund (ESF) was established to cushionthe adverse effects on the poor of the economic crisis and subsequentstabilization program in the 1980s and to facilitate transitionthrough the phases of structural adjustment. The ESF providedtemporary employment opportunities by funding small-scale, labor-intensiveprojects that were proposed by local governmental and nongovernmentalorganizations. This article measures the impact of the ESF programon employment and income of workers in the ESF projects. Forthe average ESF worker, hourly wages were 12.8 percent higher,the work week was 9.5 hours longer, and weekly earnings were32 percent higher than what they would have been without theESF. Taking into account the probability that the individualmay not have worked without the ESF leads to larger gains. Thegreatest benefits from participating in the program were receivedby those who would have been least well-off without it.     

BASES OF INTERORGANIZATION CO-OPERATION: PROPENSITY, POWER, PERSISTENCE*

Co-operation may enable organizations to attain ends that they cannot achieve alone. However, the co-operating partners must have an unusual mix of (1) propensity, (2) power, and (3) persistence. Joint ventures are used in this article to elucidate these critical elements in the relationship.     

Turning Doctors Into Managers: an Evaluation of A Major Nhs Initiative to Improve the Managerial Capabilities of Medical Consultants

Alan Cowling and Karin Newman, who are Professor of Human Resource Management and Reader in Marketing respectively at the Middlesex University Business School, report on their experience in carrying out a national evaluation of a major management development programme designed to improve the managerial capabilities of hospital consultants. They show that not only did the majority of consultants subsequently feel more confident in their ability to carry out their current and prospective managerial roles, but also that there was evidence to show that they were managing more effectively. They argue that the evaluation methodology, which involved self-efficacy ratings as well as qualitative techniques, should contribute to improved evaluation of management programmes more generally.     

Local government: Big business

Cochrane, A. 1993: Whatever Happened to Local Government? Buckingham: Open University Press, £10.99 paper.