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101.
This paper analyzes the determinants of working capital requirement (WCR) and examines the speed with which firms adjust toward their target WCR. The findings indicate that firms adjust relatively quickly, which supports the hypothesis that current balance sheet items are easier to manipulate and could be changed quite easily, even in the short run. Moreover, we find that the speed of adjustment is not equal across all firms and varies according to their external finance constraints and their bargaining power. Firms with better access to external capital markets and greater bargaining power adjust faster due to their lower costs of adjustment. 相似文献
102.
Relationship lending and SME financing in the continental European bank-based system 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper analyzes the relationship between banks and SMEs in the continental European bank-based system. We find that SMEs
with longer bank relationships have enhanced access to loans, but at the same time they bear a higher cost for their debt.
We also find that firms maintaining two bank relationships get the cheapest debt, which establishes a limit for the degree
of concentration of bank relationships. Our results also show that the existence of trust between firm and bank improves access
to financing and reduces the borrowing costs, whereas it increases the likelihood that guarantees will have to be provided.
As a consequence, it seems that a relationship based on trust is a better strategy to improve SMEs’ access to finance than
the establishment of longer or more concentrated relationships. 相似文献
103.
Labour market outliers: Lessons from Portugal and Spain 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Spain has the highest unemployment rate (22.2%) of any European Union country, Portugal one of the lowest (7.3%). Superficially, these countries share many labour market features: the toughest job security rules in the OECD, an apparently similar architecture of wage bargaining, and comparable generosity of their unemployment insurance systems, at least since 1989. We address the puzzle by examining Portuguese and Spanish labour market institutions, in particular job security, unemployment benefits and the system of wage bargaining. We then conduct empirical analysis of Spanish and Portuguese unemployment outflows and wage distributions, using micro data. We find differences in unemployment benefits (non-existent in Portugal until 1985, and less generous nowadays), differences in wage flexibility (wage floors by category established by collective agreements are set at a lower relative level in Portugal), and, in practice, higher firing costs in Spain. A key explanation of the difference in Portuguese and Spanish unemployment rates is the wage adjustment process. Generous benefit levels may have been necessary for the path Spanish unions took, but this was not the sole explanation of different wage setting in Spain and Portugal. 相似文献
104.
Soosung Hwang Steve E. Satchell Pedro L. Valls Pereira 《Journal of Business Finance & Accounting》2007,34(5-6):1002-1024
Abstract: We propose generalised stochastic volatility models with Markov regime changing state equations (SVMRS) to investigate the important properties of volatility in stock returns, specifically high persistence and smoothness. The model suggests that volatility is far less persistent and smooth than the conventional GARCH or stochastic volatility. Persistent short regimes are more likely to occur when volatility is low, while far less persistence is likely to be observed in high volatility regimes. Comparison with different classes of volatility supports the SVMRS as an appropriate proxy volatility measure. Our results indicate that volatility could be far more difficult to estimate and forecast than is generally believed. 相似文献
105.
Pedro P. Mota 《Quantitative Finance》2014,14(8):1479-1488
Motivated by the need to describe bear-bull market regime switching in stock prices, we introduce and study a stochastic process in continuous time with two regimes, threshold and delay, given by a stochastic differential equation. When the difference between the regimes is simply given by a different set of real valued parameters for the drift and diffusion coefficients, with changes between regimes depending only on these parameters, we show that if the delay is known there are consistent estimators for the threshold as long we know how to classify a given observation of the process as belonging to one of the two regimes. When the drift and diffusion coefficients are of geometric Brownian motion type we obtain a model with parameters that can be estimated in a satisfactory way, a model that allows differentiating regimes in some of the NYSE 21 stocks analyzed and also, that gives very satisfactory results when compared to the usual Black–Scholes model for pricing call options. 相似文献
106.
Pedro Godinho 《工程经济学家》2018,63(3):188-216
Project volatility is an essential parameter for real options analysis, and it may also be useful for risk analysis. Many volatility estimation procedures only consider the volatility in the first year of the project. Others consider that different years may have different values of the project volatility. This article takes into account that volatility may change not only with time but also with the state of the project. Two possible definitions for the project volatility are considered, the log-variance and the variance of the project value, and two simulation-based procedures are proposed for estimating state-dependent volatility: two-level simulation and one-and-a-half-level simulation. Computational experiments show that both procedures perform better than the method proposed by Copeland and Antikarov and that the one-and-a-half-level simulation procedure leads to the most accurate estimations of project volatility. 相似文献
107.
Web 2.0 technologies are increasingly being used within all knowledge management processes. This paper extends previous studies on the use of internet technologies and knowledge management by analyzing factors affecting knowledge sharing through Web 2.0 technologies within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Drawing upon the technology-organization-environment framework, a model is developed to examine how distinct contextual factors influence the use of Web 2.0 technologies for knowledge sharing. A data set of Spanish SMEs is used to test the conceptual model and hypotheses. Results show that knowledge sharing through Web 2.0 technologies emerges from internal organizational and technological resources rather than from external pressure. 相似文献
108.
Business and Social Reputation: Exploring the Concept and Main Dimensions of Corporate Reputation 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Gregorio Martín de Castro José Emilio Navas López Pedro López Sáez 《Journal of Business Ethics》2006,63(4):361-370
Different theoretical approaches highlight the growing relevance of corporate reputation as strategic factor. Among these
approaches the arguments of the Resource-Based View are special worthwhile (Grant, 1991, California Management Review 33(3), 114–135; Barney, 1999, Sloan Management Review Spring, 137–145). Nevertheless, this topic poses several methodological problems (Barney et al., 2001), as the unavailability
to identify and measure this organizational factor, that is “socially complex” and intangible in its nature. In this work,
using the findings of our empirical research on Spanish biotechnology firms, we carry out an identification and measurement
of corporate reputation, highlighting its two key components: “business reputation” and “social reputation”.
Dr. Gregorio Martín de Castro is Assistant Professor at the Business Administration Department in Universidad Complutense
de Madrid (Spain). He has several years of research experience at CIC Spanish Knowledge Society Research Centre, he holds
an Expert Diploma in Intellectual Capital and Knowledge Management from INSEAD (France), and he was a Post-Doctoral Research
Fellow at Harvard University during 2004–2005. He is author and co-author of several papers concerning Resource-Based View,
Intellectual Capital and Knowledge Management.
Dr. José Emilio Navas López is Professor and Head of the Business Administration Department in Universidad Complutense de
Madrid (Spain). He is author and co-author of several books and papers concerning Technology Management, Strategy and Knowledge
Management. He has held the first Knowledge Management Chair in Spain at I.U. Euroforum Escorial.
Dr. Pedro López Sáez is Assistant Professor at the Business Administration Department in Universidad Complutense de Madrid
(Spain) and he was a Research Fellow at Harvard University during 2004–2005. He has several years of research experience at
CIC Spanish Knowledge Society Research Centre and he is author and co-author of several papers concerning Resource-Based View,
Intellectual Capital and Knowledge Management. 相似文献
109.
Falahat Mohammad Lee Yan-Yin Soto-Acosta Pedro Ramayah T. 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2021,17(4):1759-1780
International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal - This study presents a business capability model that connects strategic orientations, business capability, government support, and... 相似文献
110.
Previous studies show how strategies based on the customer lifetime value (CLV) can lead to an increase of profitability for a firm. In this context, marketing serves the purpose of maximizing CLV and customer equity (the CLV of current and future customers). For most types of service firms, salespeople are direct participants in implementing the CLV concept. However, prior research does not answer the question of whether or how salesperson CLV orientation can enhance profits. Using data on salespeople in a large Chilean retail bank, this study shows that the effect of salesperson CLV orientation on salesperson performance follows an S-shaped function (which is first convex and then concave). Additionally, data does not support the idea that the optimum level of CLV orientation depends on salesperson customer orientation, salesperson adaptive selling behavior, or salesperson experience (i.e., CLV-oriented behaviors could be effective across a wide range of salespeople). As such, this study addresses an important concern among researchers and managers that is related to how to increase the salesperson performance. The findings of this study suggest that firms need to monitor individual salesperson CLV orientation more closely. 相似文献