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41.
Peter M. Nomikos 《Intereconomics》1981,16(6):292-294
The world’s energy supplies are dependent not only on the producer countries’ production capacities and policies but also on adequate transport facilities. In fact, a shortage of vessels able to carry coal is widely expected to be a major bottleneck for the substitution of oil by coal on a large scale. Shipowner Peter M. Nomikos holds a different view. 相似文献
42.
Peter Bardsley Paul Cashin 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》1990,34(3):212-222
For the ten crop seasons 1979-80 to 1988-89, returns to producers in the Australian wheat industry were underwritten by a government-guaranteed price floor. Similar schemes operate in other rural industries (dairy, apples and pears, dried fruits). Although the underwriting provisions have only been triggered once (in the 1986-87 season), the provision of this scheme has acted to reduce the risk normally associated with returns to producers of wheat in all years of its operation. This reduction in risk has been granted free-of-charge by the Commonwealth Government. The guaranteed price can be viewed as a put option taken out by the Government on behalf of growers — it gives growers the option to sell to the Australian Wheat Board at this floor price. The aim of this paper is to apply to this underwriting arrangement the Black-Scholes formula for valuing options, in order to estimate the cost that growers would otherwise have had to pay to obtain cover (through put options) equivalent to the guaranteed price. We also estimate the magnitude of this form of assistance to the industry, which (until now) has not been taken into account unless the returns to growers fell below the guaranteed price. 相似文献
43.
Peter G. Warr 《Agricultural Economics》1990,4(3-4):365-379
The World Bank's commodity price projections are widely used for various planning purposes. Two aspects of the Bank's projections of relative prices are studied in this paper. The first is whether the forecasts make efficient use of the information available at the time the forecast is made. The second is whether the forecasts predict future prices with greater accuracy than alternative forecasting methods. These matters are studied by comparing the World Bank's past price projections with the actual prices that were subsequently observed. The results show that, overall, the World Bank forecasts do not pass either test. First, the World Bank forecasts are informationally inefficient. Prediction error (projection minus actual price) tends to be positively correlated with the projections themselves. Although the direction of future price movements tends to be correctly predicted, the magnitude of these movements tends to be overpredicted. Second, the World Bank forecasts do not perform well even compared with the simplest of alternative forecasting methods - the prediction of no change. 相似文献
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Peter Kalmbach 《Wirtschaftsdienst》2009,89(4):236-242
Zusammenfassung Der weltweite Nachfrageeinbruch im Gefolge der Finanzkrise l?sst befürchten, dass die Preise auf breiter Front sinken. Dem
scheint die Geldpolitik jedoch mit verschiedenen Instrumenten begegnen zu k?nnen. Welche M?glichkeiten haben die Zentralbanken
über die traditionelle Geldpolitik hinaus? Was lehrt uns das japanische Beispiel? Welche makro?konomische Strategie ist jetzt
angebracht?
Prof. Dr. Peter Kalmbach, 69, war bis 2005 Hochschullehrer für Wirtschaftswissenschaft mit dem Schwerpunkt Verteilungstheorie
und Verteilungspolitik an der Universit?t Bremen. 相似文献
47.
Can Capital Income Taxes Survive? And Should They? 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The article surveys some main results in the theory of capitalincome taxation in the open economy; reviews recent trends ininternational taxation and discusses alternative blueprintsfor fundamental capital income tax reform from the perspectiveof an open economy faced with growing mobility of capital incometax bases. (JEL code: H21, H25) 相似文献
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