Competitiveness and technical efficiency: Determinants in the groundnut oil sector of India

India imports about half of its domestic consumption needs of edible oils. Groundnuts are a major source of edible oils in India. One of the central problems of groundnut production and processing is huge inefficiencies due to an uncertain production environment owing to rainfed cultivation, the low resource base of smallholder farmers and processors, and the low adoption rates of improved technology. This paper addresses critical issues that impair the groundnut sector’s international competitiveness and efficiency. The paper uses primary data collected from Indian farmers and processors of groundnuts to measure efficiency, and it suggests policies for reducing yield gaps and increasing efficiency. Specific policies suggested from the study are (a) the harnessing of improved varieties with attributes like drought tolerance, high oil content, high productivity for large-scale seed multiplication and distribution by public and private agencies; (b) viable village seed banks and seed networks through cycles of post-rainy season seed multiplication to meet the seed requirements in the rainy season and vice versa; (c) adoption of low-cost technologies to increase profitability and reduce risk; (d) oilseed clusters to facilitate scale and scope economies in processing units; and (e) capital subsidies to accelerate technological upgrading to shed inefficiency in the processing sector. The expected gains in efficiency in the production and processing of oilseeds are expected to result in producer and consumer gains which would justify the proposed incentives for seeds and for technological upgrading in the processing sector.     

论杜威教育研究的视角、特点、影响及其启示

杜威在实验学校开展的教育研究是其理论创建的重要来源。这一时期的教育研究体现了杜威关于实验学校与教育学的关系、教育研究与科学的关系、教育研究目的等方面独特的研究视角,研究具有科学探究、平等合作、跨学科等特点。通过进一步比较杜威和桑代克教育研究取向之间的区别和影响,分析了进行科学和哲学的教育研究必然性、进行平等合作、跨学科教育研究的可能性。     

中国铁路行业产出变化的驱动因素——基于2005—2012年面板数据的实证研究

基于"索洛余值"法建立扩展型索洛模型,利用灰色关联分析方法计算模型的弹性系数,利用2005—2012年中国铁路行业的面板数据,计算了技术进步、政府投资、非政府投资和劳动力投入等对铁路行业产出增长的贡献率,并分析了中国《中长期铁路网规划》颁布实施以来铁路行业产出变化的驱动因素。得出结论:近年来中国铁路行业的巨大成就与技术进步和政府投资密不可分,政府的大规模投资和支持已帮助中国铁路企业步入以技术进步和创新为主导的内生驱动式发展阶段,技术进步已成为影响中国铁路行业产出增长的最重要因素。     

政治信任及其起源——对亚洲8个国家和地区的比较研究

政治信任是一个政府合法性的重要指标之一.本文以亚洲8个国家和地区为研究对象,首先对政治信任的分布现状进行了实证分析,然后对政治信任的成因进行了探讨.根据分析结果,目前对政治信任起源的两种理论视角,即制度的和社会文化的视角对政治信任成因的解释均具有意义,两种解释理论至少在实证研究上并不相互排斥.本文最重要的发现是,在东亚及东南亚国家,权威主义价值观作为一个文化的因素,对人们的政治信任的形成产生了重要影响.这一分析结果部分地修正了目前关于政治信任的有关理论.     

Trade Restrictiveness and Deadweight Loss in China’s Imports

China is believed to have gained immensely from its admission into to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001. One of the direct gains comes from the lessening of deadweight loss (DWL) due to tariff reduction. Conventional measures for DWL, however, are too aggregate to capture the trade policies, which are determined at a much higher disaggregated level, and ignore the interactions between tariff and corresponding import demand as suggested by theories. In this paper, we first systematically estimate the import demand elasticities at a highly disaggregated level and then match them with the most detailed lines of the applied tariff for the most favored nations as reported by the WTO. Using the detailed matching data, we construct Feenstra’s (1995) simplified trade restrictiveness index (TRI), which captures the covariance of tariff and the corresponding demand elasticity. Finally, we use the TRI to compute the DWL from1997 to 2008 and find that the DWL due to the tariff barrier was reduced to 0.73% of GNI in 2008, noticeably lower than the highest previous mark of 4.58% of GNI in 2001.     

定频PWM控制方式单相APFC的研究

分析了单相整流加Boost电路的APFC电路的工作原理,提出了电压电流双闭环的数字控制方法。为方便电路设计及降低开关损耗,采用基于DSP的定频PWM控制方式进行控制。仿真及实验结果表明所提出的方案合理可行。     

运输问题中求检验数的闭回路法

针对运输问题中用闭回路法求检验数的方法和经济解释给出数学证明,进一步探讨了在运输问题中出现退化的情况下,＂0＂元素不是任意位置都可添加,并给出了具体例子和具体方法.     

基于遗传算法的动力吸振器参数的优化设计

以附有动力吸振器的两自由度振动系统作为研究对象,利用达朗伯原理建立了数学模型,并进行无量纲化运算。针对动力吸振器的3个参数γ,μ和κ,运用AMESim软件中的Design Exploration模块进行基于遗传算法的优化设计。计算结果表明,3个参数的收敛情况各有不同,γ趋于定义域上限,而μ和κ则趋于一个定值。该结论对于在实际应用中合理设计动力吸振器的参数,并最大限度的抑制相关振动具有重要意义。     

《软件工程》课程教学模式改革与探索

本文针对软件工程课程的特征,详细地分析了软件工程教学的现状及存在的问题,探讨了课程教学改革的思路和方法,并对进一步搞好软件工程教学改革提出一些看法。     

船舶用无阻尼动力吸振器参数影响的分析

本文建立了以梁的最大动能为减振目标函数的理论公式,以梁为研究对象,通过分析连续系统在简谐激励下无阻尼动力吸振器吸振的特点,详细阐述了无阻尼吸振器的位置参数和质量参数对减振目标函数的影响。还包括对目标函数中较为敏感的参数分析,该研究内容在动力吸振器参数优化及振动控制理论的研究中具有一定的应用价值。