Money and Inflation: International Evidence Based on Cointegration Theory

This study investigates the relationship between money and inflation using cointegration tests. For a broad sample of countries, the paper finds that most time series data underlying a typical monetarist model are nonstationary, indicating that it is necessary to appropriately transform the data in order to render the confidence tests reliable. Our principal finding is that money and inflation are related only in countries with high inflation [E 31]     

The welfare economics of dominant-firm acquisitions

Conclusion The main results of this paper provide some analytic underpinning for a strict horizontal merger policy relating to dominant firms. However, even under standard assumptions, examples have been demonstrated where dominant/fringe firm mergers increase welfare. Most of these examples imply shutting down acquired facilities, a practice regarded as unfavorable evidence by the court in theStandard Oil case; consequently, they do not by themselves seem to offer much hope for raising economies as an antitrust defense. Finally, it should be noted that this paper has considered only single-product economies; economies of scope arising in multi-product (and multi-market) contexts could be large enough to justify dominant/fringe firm mergers⁹.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Economic Policy Office seminar, Antitrust Division, U. S. Department of Justice. The author is grateful to Marius Schwartz, other seminar participants and an anonymous referee of this journal for helpful comments. M. Daniel Westbrook and Brian Flynn kindly arranged for the calculations reported in Appendix C.     

Asymmetric Effects of Money on Inflation: Evidence from Korean Data

New Keynesian macroeconomic models predict that monetary shocks have asymmetric effects on inflation, i.e., inflation responds more to positive monetary shocks than to negative shocks (Asymmetry Hypothesis A), and that the asymmetry is positively associated with movements in average inflation (Asymmetry Hypothesis B). Korean data are shown to provide little support for Asymmetry Hypothesis A and strong support for Asymmetry Hypothesis B. [O53, E12]     

跨境资本自由流动的政治经济学分析

20世纪70年代以来,理论界和国际社会基本秉承资本自由流动能够改善资源全球配置的理念,宣称资本流出国与流入国都将从中受益。然而2010年开始,全球范围内掀起一轮资本管制的浪潮,新兴市场国家和部分发达国家主张采取征收资本利得税或者金融交易税的方式,抑制跨境资本的大范围流动,维持本国经济政策的独立性和有效性。作者结合新自由主义和国家干预主义的理论思想,比较分析跨境资本自由流动的利弊,提出新兴市场国家在特定条件下针对短期资本流动应该加以管制。同时,发达市场政府对资本自由流动态度的变化是国内利益集团矛盾冲突与调和的结果,不同利益集团党派偏好和选举周期最终影响资本流动的政策选择,欧美国家本国经济低迷迫使其实行国内保护的资本流动政策来缓解矛盾。全球化下的国际金融市场需要一种全新的国际管理机制解决市场失灵问题,应对资本流动产生的跨国溢出效应需要有效的国际协调,构建反映新的实力分配的全球治理框架,从而寻找到集体利益和本国利益的平衡点。     

论当代国际贸易理论的国际政治经济学意义

从1979年新贸易理论诞生以来,国际贸易理论历经了新经济地理、贸易与新增长理论、内生贸易政策理论(也称为贸易政策的政治经济学)、新新贸易理论等数次理论创新过程,对经济全球化的性质和发展趋势产生了许多新的认识。这些理论对国际政治经济学的研究也提供了新的理论视角。在讨论了当代国际贸易理论历次创新的国际政治经济学意义之后,作者提出应该从多重角度辩证地理解这些理论创新。国际政治经济学研究的开放经济政治分析范式把对个体和利益集团的利益分析奠定在经济学理论分析(特别是国际贸易理论分析)的基础上,并强调国内和国际政治经济多层次的互动研究,这有利于对国际政治经济学研究提供明确的演绎逻辑。与此同时,问题导向的国际政治经济学仍应保持其在方法论上的灵活性和开放性。     

地区政治与国际关系研究

传统的国际关系研究增进了人们对国际关系一般性和整体性的领悟能力,但在国际关系的复杂多样性方面却缺乏深入的分析。作为解决这个问题的一种努力,我们主张关注地区政治,到地区体系和地区内的互动关系之中去考察和研究国际关系中的重要问题。作者将地区政治界定为一个有着独特性的国际关系研究领域,在强调其反映国际关系深刻性的基础上,从体系结构、进程和秩序三个方面分析了它的基本特征,并讨论了进行地区政治研究需要思考的某些理论问题。地区政治研究将有助于我们较为确切地回答在什么样的条件下国际合作或者国际冲突最为可能的问题,因此需要赋予国际关系研究以更鲜明的地区空间色彩。     

Do High-technology Exports Cause More Technology Spillover in China？

The volume of China’s high-technology exports has grown sharply since the implementation of its export promotion strategy Revitalizing Trade through Science and Technology in 1999.This paper investigates whether technology spillover effects are greater for hightechnology exports than for primary manufactured goods exports.We present a generalized multi-sector spillover model to identify both between spillover effects from exports towards non-exporters and within-spillover effects among export sectors.Using panel data for 31 provinces in China over the period from 1998 to 2005,we find that although high-technology export sectors have higher productivity compared with other sectors,this productivity advantage does not lead to technology spillover to both domestic sectors and other export sectors,and export technology spillover mainly derives from traditional export sectors rather than high-technology export sectors.As such findings can be largely attributed to the fact that China’s high-technology exports depend significantly on processing trade by foreign- invested firms,policy implications are discussed in relation to how to best promote the role of China’s high-technology exports during economic expansion.     

从制度设想到贸易政策:美国碳关税蜕变之路障碍分析

美国试图在其气候变化立法中确立碳关税制度,对来自未实施减排的国家的能源密集型产品采取边境调节措施。这一制度设想以碳关税理论研究为基础。经济上和政治上的正当性是碳关税早期研究的重点,而国内程序性障碍及多边体制下的合法性问题是后危机时代碳关税研究的中心。作者回顾了碳关税理论研究,从国内和国际两个层面对碳关税从制度设想蜕变为美国贸易政策面临的障碍加以分析。一方面,公众对美国经济再次受挫的担忧、气候变化立法对国内产业的影响以及各种利益集团的博弈决定了美国国内不具备碳关税成为贸易政策的现实条件;另一方面,多边体制下碳关税也难以成为符合世贸组织法律的贸易政策,因为不仅碳关税制度设计中存在诸多违反非歧视原则的规定,而且碳关税欲借一般例外条款谋求合法地位也面临许多挑战。中国应未雨绸缪,从容应对。